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Mo. Bot. Garden, 1897,

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DAVID MOORE, PaD., FLS, MBDA,

SUPERINTENDENT OF THE ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY’S BOTANIC GARDEN, GLASNEVIN.

Dear Dr. Moors,

I have great pleasure in dedicating a volume of the “ Boranicat Magazine” to one who, whilst maintaining a very rich and beautiful Botanical Garden at a high standard of excellence, has advanced Botanical Science by many original observations and expe- riments.

I further gladly embrace this opportunity of testifying to the value of your contributions to the British and especially the Irish Flora, which you have enriched by the discovery of many new and interesting indigenous plants; by the publication, with Mr. A. Moore, of the “Cybele Hibernica,” and by your “ Synopsis of Irish Mosses.”

Believe me, Dear Dr. Moore, Very faithfully yours, JOS. D. HOOKER.

Roya GARDENS, Kew, Dee. 1st, 1873:

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Se

6009

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Tas. 6009. MUTISIA tticrro.ia.

Native of Chili.

Nat. Ord. Composira.—Tribe MoTIsSIE&.

Genus Motista, Linn. f.; (DC. Prodr., vol. vii. p. 4).

Moutista ilicifolia; glabra v. ramulis foliisque subtus araneoso-tomentosis, caule scandente angulato v. alato alis spinulosis, foliis sessilibus oblongo-cordatis truncatis v. 2-lobis spinoso-dentatis rigide coriaceis cirrhiferis, pedunculis axillaribus 1-floris, involucri eylindracei bracteis ovato-oblongis apice rotundatis muticis v. appendiculatis, v. infimis ovato-lanceolatis spinescentibus interdum refractis, floribus radii 8-12 pallide roseis, ligula anguste lanceolata acuminata.

Murista ilicifolia, Cav. Ic., vol. v. p. 68, t. 493; DC. Prodr., vol. vii. p. 73 Hook. Bot. Mise., vol. i. p. 7, t.4; Paxton’s Magazine of Botany, vol. xv. t. 101, cum ic.; Gay Flor. Chilen., vol. iii. p. 266.

M. ao Ruiz et Pav. Syst., p. 198; Less. in Linnea, 1830, p. 2714 me

M. auriculata, Less. ex Hook. et Arn. Comp. Bot. Mag., vol. i. p. 107.

M. latifolia, Don in Trans, Linn. Soc. vol. xvi. p. 270; Sweet Brit. Fl. Gard., Ser. 2, t. 288.

M. Gayana, Remy in Gay Flor. Ghilen., vol. iii. p. 268; Walp. Ann., vol. i. p. 990.

M. Lechleri, Schultes Bipont. in Herb. Lechler.

; A charming gréen-house plant, introduced into England im 1832, from Chili, where it appears to be common around Valparaiso and elsewhere, climbing amongst bushes. Sweet informs us it was then not uncommon in English collec- tions, but rarely flowered, whence he recommended its cul- tivation in the open border against a trellis. It next appeared in Pawton’s Magazine, since which I find no notice of it till October of last year, when my friend Mr. Wilson Saunders sent me the specimen from which the accompanying draw- ing was made. WM. ilicifolia is a very variable plant indeed,

JANUARY Ist, 1873.

as the numerous synonyms cited above show: it varies especially in the stem being winged and spinous-toothed, or wingless ; in the depth of the sinus at the base and apex of the leaf, and in its under-surface being glabrous or clothed with a white or brown cobwebby tomentum ; in the bracts of the involucre being all rounded at the point, or some or all terminated by a claw or foliaceous appendage, or the lower of them being much produced, lanceolate pungent and spreading or reflexed; and finally in the number and breadth of the ray-flowers. A series of twenty-five native specimens in the Herbarium displays all these variations, graduating into one another.

Drscr. A climbing slender shrub, glabrous or with the branches, peduncles, and leaves beneath clothed with cob- webby tomentum. Leaves one to two inches long, spreading, sessile oblong, deeply cordate or auricled at the base, tip trun- cate or bifid or 2-lobed, margins spinous-toothed, rigidly coriaceous bright green above, pale beneath, nerves reti- culate ; cirrhus stout. Heads axillary, solitary, peduncled, three inches in diameter. Jnvolucral bracts many-seriate, very variable (as described above). Ray flowers eight to twelve, pale pink or purplish; ray narrowly lanceolate, acuminate - inner lip very small, 2-toothed. Disk-lowers with a short revolute outer lip and smaller 2-partite revolute inner one. Pappus hairs pilose.—J. D. H.

_ Fig. 1, Ray-flower ; 2, pappus-hair of the same; 3, disk-flower ; 4, one of its pappus-hairs :—all magnified,

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6010 /

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Tas. 6010. AN DRYALA MOGADORENSIS.

Native of Marocco.

Nat. Ord. Compositrm.—Tribe CIcHORACES.

Genus Anpryaa, Linn.; (DC. Prodr., vol. vii. p. 245).

ANDRYALA mogadorensis ; fruticosa, robusta, tota dense albo-lanuginosa et superne glanduloso-pilosa, foliis confertis sessilibus 4-amplexicaulibus basi obtusjs cordatisve oblongis oblongo-spathulatis ovatis v. cordiformi- bus obtusis v. apiculatis integerrimis v. sinuato-dentatis, infimis petio- latis spathulatis, corymbis foliosis, involucri hemispherici bracteis basi connatis subulato-lanceolatis acuminatis longe glanduloso-pilosis, ligulis 9-dentatis, receptaculo dense setoso.

ANDRYALA mogadorensis, Cosson in Herb. Balansa.

This beautiful undershrub forms snow-white masses on a little rocky islet in the bay of Mogadore, on the Western Marocco Coast, in lat. 314° N., and has hitherto been found nowhere else. It was discovered by Balansa in 1868, and gathered by Messrs. Maw, Ball, and myself there in May, 1871. Mr. Maw was so fortunate as to transmit a living plant to his garden at Benthal Hall, Broseley, which flowered in the following April, and is here figured.

The genus Andryala is chiefly a Mediterranean one, and finds its south-western limit in Marocco and the Canary Islands. Most of the species are herbs, with little to re- commend them to the horticulturist, the present one being considerably the most handsome of those known to me.

Escr. A small undershrub, one to two feet high, with straggling habit, densely clothed with a thick snow-white appressed tomentum, and the upper parts and inflorescence especially covered with spreading black glandular _ hair. Leaves crowded, very variable in size and shape, the radical

JANUARY Ist, 1873,

obovate-spathulate and contracted into a long petiole, together four inches long; the cauline one to two inches long, sessile, cordate or auricled at the base, ovate and concave, or oblong and flat, or spathulate-oblong, quite entire or sinuate-toothed, tip rounded, sometimes mucronate. Corymés leafy, terminating the branches, with six to ten heads, of which one or two open at atime. Heads shortly and stoutly pedicelled, one and a half inches in diameter, golden-yellow. Jzvolucre hemisphe-

rical, densely glandular; bracts connate below, free portions

uniseriate or sub-biseriate, subulate-lanceolate, acuminate, spreading, fringed with long glandular hairs. Legumes strap- shaped, truncate, with five long acute teeth. Achenes small; pappus hairs silvery white, slender, scabrid.—/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Radical leaf of the natural size; 2, outer floret; 3, style arms; 4 pappus hair :—all magnified.

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Tas. 6011.

RHYN ‘CHANTHERA GRANDIFLORA.

Native of North Brazil and Guiana.

Nat. Ord. MELASTOMACES.—Tribe MICROLICIER.

Genus Ruyncnantuera, DC. ; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 738).

RuyNcHANTHERA grandiflora; patentim pilosa, caule ramoso, ramis ramu- lisque teretibus, foliis petiolatis ovato-cordatis acuminatis serrulatis 7-nerviis, paniculis terminalibus multifloris, bracteis foliaceis supremis sessilibus, calycis tubo ovoideo, lobis subulatis, petalis elliptico-obovatis acutis roseis, staminibus 10, uno maximo, quatuor mediocribus et quinque minutis imperfectis.

Ruyncwantuera grandiflora, DC. Prodr., vol. iil. p. 107; Trina nm Trans. Linn, Soc., vol. xxviii. p. 31.

R. monodynama, DC. L.c,

Ruexia grandiflora, Bonpl. Rhex., p. 26, t. 11.

Metastoma grandiflora, Aubl. Pl. uian., vol. i. p. 414, t. 160.

Ospecxt1a Aubletiana, Spreng. Syst. Veg., vol. ii. p. 311.

Apparently common in Eastern South America, north of the tropic, being found from the Amazons to Demarara, growing in moist savanahs, and attaining six feet in height. It is a beautiful plant, easily grown, and well worthy of cultivation, throwing out a profusion of its rose-coloured flowers in the autumn months in England, and in November and December in its native habitat. The single large stamen, arching down over the four smaller ones, 1s @ very singular feature of the flower; it probably contains pollen of a dif- ferent potency from what the anthers of the others contain. As in most Melastomacea, the style, though curved in the same direction as the stamen, is also thrown back, so as to remove the stigma far from the anthers. Tt would be very interesting to know the significance of this arrangement,

JANUARY Ist, 1873,

which, no doubt, serves so to direct the visits of insects as to insure cross fertilization.

R. grandiflora was sent to the Royal Gardens by Mr. Bull, F.L.S., of Chelsea, who introduced it from Demarara.

Descr. An undershrub, five to six feet high, erect, much branched, clothed more or less densely with rather stiff spreading hairs. Stem and branches cylindric. Leaves two to three inches long, broadly ovate-cordate, acuminate, serrulate, 7-nerved, hairy on both surfaces, especially on the nerves beneath, bright-green above, paler beneath, trans- verse nerves slender; petiole variable in length, half to one inch. Panicles six to ten inches long, lax, leafy, slender, erect, branched ; bracts leafy, uppermost sessile and lanceo- late. Flowers two inches in diameter ; pedicels short, slender. Calyx one-third inch long, ovoid or urceolate, hispid; lobes subulate or filiform. Petals elliptic-obovate, acute or apicu- late, bright rose-coloured. Stamens sharply arched forward, the dorsal much the largest, with a red filament, clavate con- nective and yellow recurved beaked anther; four smaller

stamens not half the size; five smallest rudimentary. Style slender, red.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1. Flower with petals removed; 2,

petal and rudimentary stamen :— both magnified.

6012

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Tas, 6012.

MERENDERA Arrtcuaisont.

Native of the Panjab.

Nat. Ord. MeLantuacex.—Tribe CoLcnicea.

Genus Merennrra, Raymond.—Butsocoprum § MERENDERA; (Endl. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 187).

Mrrenvera Aitchisoni ; cormo ampulleformi uno latere obtuse carinato basi contracto oblique in discum producto, disco truncato facie inferiore radices emittente, tunicis pallide flavo-brunneis, collo elongato, vagina membranacea, foliis anguste linearibus acutis 1-poll. latis concavis,

flore 13-poll. diam., perianthii pallide lilacini lamina ungue gracili bre-

viore lanceolata dorgo basin versus carinata, antheris virescentibus. Buxsocopium, Sp., Aitchison, Cat. Plants Punjab § Sindh. p. 151.

_ The genus Merendera, regarded by some, and perhaps rightly, as a division of Bulbocodium, has been hitherto sup- posed to find its Eastern limits in Persia, where JZ. caucasica, w Species very clearly allied to the present, has been collected by Kotschy - The genus was first detected east of the con- necting ranges of our Indian possessions by Major Vicary, who, about twenty years ago, sent to Sir W. Hooker frag- ments of a species which I suppose to be identical with this, from the Mar-gulla Pass of the Salt range in the Panjab. More recently it has been found near Jhelum, in the same district, by Dr. Aitchison, F.L.S., an ardent botanist, and author of avery valuable catalogue of the plants of the Panjab, We. During last summer Dr. Aitchison sent bulbs to Kew, which flowered in November of the present year, and are here figured.

As a species there is little at first sight to distinguish the M. Aitchisoni from VM caucasica, which extends from Persia eastward to Asia Minor, and from the tropical African JZ.

JANUARY Isr, 1873,

abyssynica, A. Rich. (M. longispatha, Hochst, and JZ. Schim- periana, Hochst), except the very pale colour of the tunic of the corm, a character not likely to vary; to which others would probably be added could living specimens be compared. The flowers are fragrant.

Descr. Corm one and a half inches long, flaggon-shaped, with a long neck, compressed and obtusely keeled on one side; base contracted and produced into an oblique sublateral disk, that roots from its under-surface ; tunic a very pale chestnut brown colour. Sheath short, scarious, mouth obliquely trun- cate. Leaves one to two inches long whilst the plant is flowering, about one-sixth inch broad, acute, concave, dark- green, rather fleshy, lengthening to six and eight inches when the plant is in fruit. ower one and a half to two inches in diameter, pale lilac, funnel-shaped ; perianth segments with a very slender claw and lanceolate obtuse blade, which is keeled at the back towards the base, keel pale reddish. Filaments inserted at the base of the blade, subulate, equalling the

linear obtuse greenish anther. Ovary narrow; styles quite free, filiform.— J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Scape and ovary ; 2, perianth-segment and stamen:—both magnified.

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Tas. 6013. DENDROBIUM HooKERIANUM.

Native of Assam and Sikkim.

Nat. Ord. Oncnipem.—Tribe MaLaxipez § DenpRoBIEX.

Genus Denprosium, Swartz ; (Lindl. Gen. § Sp. of Orchid., p. 24).

Denprosium (Holochrysa) Hookerianum ; caulibus fasciculatis foliosis, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis nervosis, racemis axillaribus paucifloris, bracteis minutis, floribus amplis aureis, sepalis petalisque conformibus oblongis acutis integerrimis, labello late orbiculato-cordato velutino profunde fimbriato, fimbriis barbellatis, intus basin versus maculis

2 purpureis ornato, ungue convoluto intus calloso, mento conico apice rotundato.

DeEnprosium Hookerianum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond., 1859, vol. iii. p- 8.

D. chrysotis, Reich. fil. in Gard. Chron., 1870, p. 1311.

T am indebted to Mr. F. W. Burbridge, formerly of Kew, and now of the Fairfield N urseries, for the opportunity of figuring this, which is the largest flowered and freest

owering species of the section to which it belongs. Mr. Burbridge describes it as growing vigorously in a Cattleya- house, flowering in September and October, and being especially valuable as a decorative plant, because of the habit (previously noticed by Dr. Masters, in Zhe Gardener's Chronicle) of flowering synchronously with the foliage, which is abundant and of a lively green. A specimen grown by Mr. Petch, the gardener at Manley Hall, near Manchester, produced at one time twenty-five racemes, with as many as nine flowers on a raceme, and this ona single plant.

Dendrobium Hookerianum is stated to come from Assam, which 18 very possible, as I discovered it in the neighbouring Province of Sikkim in 1848, growing on trees in hot valleys, at an elevation of 1-5000 feet above the sea. In an excellent

JANUARY Ist, 1873,

drawing of it which I possess, made by a native artist, the stems are figured as thick as the little finger, and the numerous racemes are only 3-4-flowered, but each flower is upwards of four inches in diameter. It is very closely allied to D. fimbriatum, Wall. a native of the adjoining province of Nipal, but differs in the much larger size, in flowering on the leafy stems, in the quite entire (not toothed) margins of the sepals and petals, andin the double blotch on the lip.

Duscr. Stems tufted, two to three feet long, grooved, green or purplish. eaves distichous, three to five inches long, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, recurved. Racemes borne on the leafing stems, shortly peduncled, 3—-9-flowered, spreading ; peduncle and pedicels slender, green ; bracts small, appressed. Ovary slender. Perianth three to four inches in diameter, golden-yellow, with two red-purple blotches on the disk of the hp. Sepals and petals equal and similar, spreading, oblong, acute, margins quite entire. Zip with a convolute claw and almost circular or more or less ovate or cordate repanded limb, which is velvetty on the surface and deeply cut along the edge into equal and equidistant bearded fringes nearly half an inch long ; callus oblong, adnate to the clavy and concealed by its convolute margins; mentum conical, rounded at the apex.—J. D. H.

60714.

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Tas. 6014, VRIESIA BRACHYSTACHYS.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. BromeLiace&.—Tribe TILLANDSIEz. Genus Vriesta (Lindl. in Bot. Mag., t. 4382).

Vriesta brachystachys; glabra, foliis e basi lata late loriformibus acutis re- curvis concavis integerrimis viridibus, scapo rubro foliis longiore, vaginis acutis appressis, spica ovato-oblonga lata valde compressa dis- ticha, bracteis 1-floris basi imbricatis fere horizontalibus falcato- lanceolatis acuminatis compressis infra medium rubris dein viridibus, floribus bracteis excedentibus flavis elongatis 3-gonis, perianthii laciniis exterioribus coriaceis carinatis lineari-oblongis obtusis, interioribus ‘in tubum apice 6-fidum apicibus viridibus coherentibus, squamis ad basin tubi perianthii oblongis obtusis.

Varigsia brachystachys, Regel in Gartenflora, 1866, p. 258, t. 518.

A very brilliant stove plant, first made known by Dr.

Regel, from a specimen received at the Imperial Gardens of St. Petersburgh, from Messrs. Booth and Sons, of Hamburgh, about ten years ago, when, however, its native country was unknown. This, however, we have ascertained to be Brazil, through specimens collected in that country by Dr. Burchell, who gathered them in the province of S. Paolo. _ The spike in both Regel’s figure and Burchell’s specimens is very small indeed (not two inches long), compared with that represented in our plate, which is a faithful representa- tion of a specimen which flowered in Mr. Rucker’s establish- ment at Wandsworth in November of last year. The sta- mens are much longer too than those represented in the Gartenflora; but this is probably due to imperfect develop- ment of the latter. The genus Vriesia has been reduced to Tillandsia, from the typical species of which the present plant differs in the form of the inner perianth segments, which are not spirally convolute in age.

Duscr. Stem at the base, as clothed with the leaves, one JANUARY lst, 1873.

and a half inches in diameter. Leaves four to six inches long by one to one and a half inches broad, spreading and _ re- curved, pale rather glaucous green on both surfaces, mem- branous, broadly strap-shaped from a dilated sheathing base, tip rounded with a mucro, or acute, faintly striate. Scape six inches long, stout, cylindric, scarlet, clothed with small ap- pressed erect sheaths, with green tips, the lower of which are acute and the upper elongate and acuminate. Spike five inches long by four inches broad, broadly ovate, distichous, very much compressed, rachis scarlet. Bracts closely imbri- cating at the base, nearly horizontal, two inches long, lanceo- late with acuminate incurved points, laterally much com- pressed, 1-flowered, green beyond the middle, scarlet below it. Mowers projecting half an inch beyond the bracts, elon- gate, bluntly trigonous; ovary oblong. Perianth pale yellow, outer segments linear-oblong, coriaceous, keeled, rounded at the tips; inner, twice as long as the outer, cohering nearly to the tips, which are dark green. Scales within the base of the perianth oblong, obtuse. Filaments filiform ; anthers linear, yellow, their tips exserted. S¥yle thickened at the base, flexuous; stigmas 3, short. Capsule (in dried

specimen) trigonous, valves rigid pungent, back deepl wrinkled.—J. D. H. — get ae

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, style and sti

gmas; 3, segment of inner perianth, stamen and scales :—all magnified. es zh :

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BY

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. ~ -“ONDON : a L. REEVE & CO., 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. - 1873. |

In the first part of this work the Author shows that certain South-European Ants do employ grain and seeds as food, and are possessed of the provident habits attributed to them by the Ancients but denied by some of the most able naturalists of modern times. The manner in which these ants cut, carry, and store their harvest, and treat sprouted seeds, as also the structure of their granaries and passages, sometimes excavated in the solid sand- stone rock, with many other details, will be found illustrated and described here.

The second part contains an account of what is known of the habits and economy of the Trap-door Spiders, the explanations being accompanied by plates and woodcuts.

Those who have, up to the present time, described the dwel- lings of these spiders, speak only of a single, cylindrical burrow,

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lies level with, and is made to resemble, the surface of the earth.

‘Two new types of nest, found in the Riviera, are now added, and in these, besides the surface door, a second subterranean door is present, placed a short way down the tube, and this the spider closes in the face of any intruder who may have entered the nest. One of these double-door nests is branched, the other unbranched.

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Tas. 6015. BELLIS ROTUNDIFOLIA, VAR. C@3RULESCENS.

Native of Marocco.

Nat. Ord. Composira.—Tribe AsTEROIDES.

Genus Beis, Linn.; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. ii. p. 265.)

BELL Is rotundifolia ; perennis, foliis gracile petiolatis late ovatis orbiculatisve apice rotundatis sinuato-dentatis 3-nerviis appresse pilosis, scapo gracili : pubescente, capitulo 3-11 poll. diam., involucri bracteis pubescentibus v. hirsutis subeequalibus, corollis radii albis v. azureis discique basin versus pilosulis, acheniis epapposis marginibus ciliatis.

BELLIs rotundifolia, Boiss. et Reut. Pugill. Pl. Nov. Alger. et Hisp., p- 55, —

excl. syn.; Wilkomm et Lange Prodr. Fl. Hisp., vol. ii. p. 82, excl. syn,

Var. c@rulescens, corollis radii azureis, Bellis cwrulescens, Coss. Mss. in — Herb, Balansa.

The Blue Daisy is one of the commonest spring flowers in various parts of Marocco, abounding in fields with a rich soil on the hills near Tangier, and occurring in great profusion by the water-courses of the valleys of the Greater Atlas in lat. 31°, at elevations of 4000 to 11,000 feet. In the low country between Tangier and the Atlas, as at Mazagan, Casa Blanca, — Mogador, and the base of the Atlas, it was not found. Specimens brought by Mr. Maw and myself flowered both at Brosely and Kew, in May and September respectively ; of these Mr. Maw’s (here figured) were by far the most luxu- niant, the specimen being twice as large as any gathered by myself in Marocco, and more glabrous. A pot-full of this 3 Species in flower presents a most beautiful appearance, from the delicate azure hue of the ray-flowers.

Bellis rotundifolia was first described from specimens col-

1 by its discoverers, Messrs. Boissier and Reuter, in Oran, the westernmost province of Algeria (that adjoining FEBRUARY Isr, 1873.

Marocco), in 1849, where it has since again been gathered by Balansa in 1852, and by Bourgeau in 1856. It was supposed by its discoverer to be the same as Bellium rotundifolium, Desfontaine (Flor. Atlant., vol. ii. p. 279, t. 235, f. 1), which is, however, a very different plant, with an obvious pappus, described in De Candolle’s Prodromus as consisting of five palee alternating with as many bristles. The original form of Bellis rotundifolia has white flowers, and is common in Marocco; the blue variety of it was first found by M. Balansa, during his adventurous journey in Marocco in 1867.

Descr. oot perennial. Leaves more or less pubescent, sometimes covered with scattered appressed hairs, at others more tomentose; petiole slender, one to three inches long ; blade three-quarters to one and a quarter inches long, ovate orbicular or subcordate, sinuate-toothed, 3-nerved. Scape slender, much exceeding the leaves. Heads three-quarters to one and a quarter inches in diameter, quite resembling those of the common daisy, but with fewer often broader ray-tlowers, which vary from white to pale blue—J. D. H.

: Fig. 1, Flower of ray; 2, flower of disk ; 3, style-arms of ray flower; 4, ditto of disk flower :—all magnified.

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Tas. 6016. EKLLEANTHUS xanruHocomus.

Native of Peru.

Nat. Ord. Orcuiprm.—Tribe PLEUROTHALLEA.

Genus Evteantuvs, Presl.; (Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann., vol. vi. 472.)

ELLEANTHUS sxanthocomus ; caulibus simplicibus, vaginis asperulis, foliis lanceolatis acuminatis summi vagina ampliata, racemo suberecto v. in- clinato, bracteis scariosis e basi ovata subulato-acuminatis nervosis flavis inferioribus flores citrinos superantibus, ovario sepalisque ovato-~ oblongis obtuse carinatis papillosis, petalis obtusiusculis, labello obovato medio constricto marginibus involutis ultra medium dilatato laminaque parva apicali transverse oblonga 2-loba ciliato-dentatis, callis geminis elongatis ovatis a basi in medium Iabelli productis, carinis semi-lunatis transversis versus apicem ante-positis, columna utrinque angulata alis superne vix dilatatis. |

ELLEANTHUS xanthocomus, Reichb. f. in litt. ad Wilson Saunders.

Professor H. Reichenbach has identified the well-known genus Hvelyna with the previously published Hi/eanthus ot Presl., who originally established it under this name in the “ Reliquie Henkeanw,” published in 1836, or five years before Evelyna was founded by Peeppig and Endlicher, in honour of the accomplished English dendrologist and author, John Evelyn; to whom the dedication of another genus more emblematic of his pursuits is most justly due.

Elleanthus wanthocomus was described by Dr. Reichenbach from specimens reared by W. Wilson Saunders, F.HS., which were exhibited in May 1872, at the Royal Horticul- tural Society, and were received from Peru by Major Trevor Clarke, FHS, :

_ The description given above is drawn up by the aid of one kindly communicated by Dr. Reichenbach, who made careful notes and observations on the figure of the calli, &., in the

lip, which are not represented in the accompanying drawing.

FEBRUARY Ist, 1873,

Drscr. Stems ten to twelve inches high, simple, erect,

slender. Skheaths rough, the lower cylindric, the upper slightly inflated. Leaves suberect, five to seven inches long, lanceolate, acuminate, about 10-nerved besides the midrib, margins recurved, much contracted at the base, deep green above, paler beneath. Spike suberect or inclined, dense, two to three inches long, ovoid, shortly peduncled, many-flowered. Bracts yellow, tinged with green; lower one inch long, exceeding the flower, subulate-lanceolate from an ovate base ; upper shorter, ovate, acuminate. owers crowded, bright yellow, sessile, half an inch long. Ovary short, papillose. Perianth closed. Sepals papillose, ovate-oblong, subacute, obtusely keeled. Petals as long, oblong, obtusely apiculate. Jip with the tip exserted, obovate or oblong, and panduriform from being contracted in the middle, margins strongly in- curved ; terminal lobe small, tranversely oblong, 2-lobed, margins and those of the outer end of the basal part of the lip erose and ciliate. Calli on the sides of the lip semi- lunar. Column scarcely dilated above.-—/. D. H.

Fig. 1. Flower; 2, side, and 3, front view of lip; 4, column :—all magnisied.

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ALSOMITRA SARCOPHYLLA.

Native of Burma and Siam.

Nat. Ord. CucursiraceEm.—Tribe ZANONIER.

Genus AtsomiTRA, Roem. ; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 840.)

ALSOMITRA sarcophylla ; frutex scandens, ramosissimus, glaberrimus, foliis crasse carnosis breviter petiolatis 3-foliolatis, foliolis breviter petiolulatis ovatis v. elliptico- v. oblongo-ovatis obtusis integerrimis 3-nerviis medio sulcatis, cirrhis simplicibus, paniculis terminalibus et axillaribus : multifloris, floribus parvis, sepalis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis corolle lobis elliptico-ovatis acutis dimidio minoribus, staminibus par 8 eo

_ curvis; “fl. 2 perianthio ut in g, ovario clavato, stylis 3-4 brevibus. conicis carnosis stigmatibus semilunaribus” (Wall.), fructu cylindraceo truncato, seminibus compressis testa muricata, ala oblonga hyalina.

ALsomITRA sarcophylla, Hook. f. in Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., 1, ¢. ZANONIA sarcophylla, Wall. Plant. As. Rar., vol. ii. p. 28, t. 183.

A singular climbing Evergreen plant, one of a small ano- malous tribe of Cucurbitacee, which is distinguished by its five stamens, 1-celled anthers and ovary, and very curious fruit, which is almost cylindric, and opens by a tricrural slit at the truncate top. It is a stove-plant, and has remarkably fleshy bright green foliage, which is admirably adapted for decorative purposes, keeping fresh for a very long time, even without water. The flowers, which are individually insig- nificant, are produced in immense abundance. This plant 1s moreover recommendable from being very free from the attacks of scale and the other insect-pests of the hothouse. It is a native of forests in Burma and Siam, abounding n arid, sterile, and exposed situations along the banks of the Irrawaddy river, where it was discovered by Dr. Wallich in 1826, flowering in the month of November. Our plants were sent from the Calcutta Botanic Garden by the

FEBRUARY Ist, 1873,

late Dr. Anderson about eight years ago, and flowered for the first time in November 1872. |

Duscr. A lofty climber, perfectly glabrous everywhere. Stem very slender, copiously branched ; branches cylindric, pendulous. Leaves alternate, 3-foliolate, petiole very short, thick ; leaflets two to three inches long, elliptic-ovate or oblong, or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or apiculate, quite entire, very fleshy, one-tenth of an inch in thickness, bright green, and obscurely 3-nerved above, channelled down the middle, paler and reticulated beneath; petiolules about as long as the petiole. Zendrils quite simple. Panicles slender, axillary and terminal, pendulous, many-flowered, greenish-yellow. lowers dicecious, shortly pedicelled, ebracteolate, one-third of an inch in diameter, very pale straw-coloured. Sepals ovate- oblong, acuminate, half as large as the rotate corolla, whose segments are elliptic-ovate and apiculate. Stamens small, recurved; anthers small, adnate, l-celled. “ Ovary club- shaped, 1-celled, many-ovuled ; ovules parietal ; styles three to four, short, conic, stigmas semilunar.”— Wall. “Fruit two inches long, subcylindric, obtusely 3-gonous, smooth, nar-

rowed at the base into the pedicel. ‘Seeds compressed ; nucleus

obovate ; testa black, muricate ; wing oblong, obtuse, hyaline. —J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Male flower; 2, the same, 4, ripe fruit:—natural size ; 5, ripe se Figs. 4—7 are taken from Herbariu

laid open; 3, stamen:—all magnified ; ed:—natural size ; 6, seed :—magnified. m specimens.

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Tas. 6018. BRACHYOTUM CONFERTUM.

Native of the Andes of Peru and Ecuador.

Nat. Ord. MreLAsToMACEm.—Tribe OsBECKIES.

Genus, Bracurotum, Triana ; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 743.)

Bracnyorum confertum ; frutex erectus, ramossissimus, setoso-hirtulus, foliis parvis petiolatis oblongis ovatisve acutis v. obtusis marginibus revolutis utrinque subappresse setulosis 3-nerviis, floribus pollicaribus termi- nalibus solitariis breviter pedicellatis pendulis basi 6-bracteatis, bracteis 2 foliaceis patentibus ceteris surborbiculatis cucullatis appressis, calycis segmentis late ovatis obtusis ovarioque sericeo-pilosis, corolla tubuloso- campanulata, petalis saturate purpureis oblique late obcordatis ciliofatis,

antheris recurvis basi breviter appendiculatis, ovario libero, capsula apice obtuse 5-dentata.

Bracuyotum confertum, Naud. in Trans. Linn. Soc., vol. xxviii. p. 49.

CHETOGASTRA conferta, DC. Prodr., vol. iii. p. 185; Naud. in Ann. Se. Nat. Ser. 3, vol. xiv. p. 186; Jameson Synops. Plant. Equit., vol. i. p. 228.

RuEX1A conferta; Bonpl. Rhex., t. 20.

A very singular and beautiful Melastomaceous shrub, abundant on the Andes of Ecuador and Peru, where it must form a very conspicuous and attractive feature in the land- - Scape. It was introduced by our friend Professor Jameson, late of Quito, who transmitted seeds from hills near Cuenca to Isaac Anderson Henry, Esq., of Trinity, Edinburgh, who raised the plant and flowered it profusely in a green- house, when eighteen inches high, in November last. We have herbarium specimens gathered in the Chachapoyas province of Peru by Matthews, and at Loja and Cuenca, both in Ecuador, by Seemann and Jameson. It was dis- covered by Humboldt and Bonpland in the beginning of the century. The figure in Bonpland’s “ Melastomacee” is most unsatisfactory, and evidently coloured from a dried specimen or description.

FEBRUARY Ist, 1873.

Desor. An erect dush, very much branched; branches suberect, cylindric, upper clothed with spreading rigid flexuous bristles, which are variable in quantity and length, being much softest and sparsest in the cultivated specimens. Leaves crowded, shortly petioled, a quarter to one-third of an inch long, coriaceous, ovate or oblong, obtuse or acute, margins revolute, clothed above and beneath with sub- appressed bristles, nerves one on each side the very stout midrib. Mowers solitary, terminal, shortly pedicelled, pen- dulous, together with the bracts upwards of an inch long, each with two opposite spreading leaf-like bracts, and four decussating orbicular concave coriaceous appressed ones, the inner of which reach the base of the calyx-lobes, all as well as the calyx clothed with appressed rather silky bristles; the four inner bracts are pale yellow-green, the outer pair sul- fused with red. Calyx-tube broadly ovoid, lobes five, large, broadly ovate, concave. Corol/a tubular, deep violet-purple. Petals broadly obliquely obcordate, ciliate, convolute. Stamens included, filaments short; anthers linear, with short basal appendages. Ovary free, appressed, strigose,

5-celled, 5-angled, with five obtuse terminal auricles.— fDi. )

Fig. 1. Leaf; 2, petal; 8, calyx and stamen; 4, vertical section of ditto; 5, stamen :—all magnified.

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Native of Moulmein.

Nat. Ord. Scrraminex.—Tribe ZINGIBERR.

Genus Zincieer, Gertn. ; (Endlicher Gen. Plant., vol. i. p- 222.)

Zincrwer Parishii ; fere glaberrima, caule foliato gracili 3-pedali, foliorum lamina 4-7-pollicari elliptico-lanceolata acuta in petiolum brevem angustata, subtus sparse appresse pilosa, scapo robusto vaginato, vaginis _ viridibus obtusis, spica 4-6-pollicari cylindraceo-subclavata, bracteis ad 20 erecto-patentibus imbricatis late obovatis cucullatis obtusis v. retusis vy. truneatis viridibus marginibus rubris incurvis, ovario brevi, perianthio externo tubuloso obtuse 3-lobo interiore dimidio breviore, interioris tubo 1j-pollicari gracili, segmentis albis dorsali oblongo obtuso fornicato, 2 lateralibus exterioribus longioribus dependentibus lineari-oblongis subacutis, 2 interioribus brevibus late oblongis obtusis. labello Segmentis exterioribus breviore obovato obtuso. venis pallide fusco-purpureis tessellatim reticulato, staminodiis linearibus, anthera lanceolata in rostrum acuminatum loculis equilongum producta.

A very handsome species of a large and little known Indian genus, which can be satisfactorily illustrated by drawings only. It was discovered by our indefatigable correspondent, the Rev. C. Parish, in Moulmein, and roots were transmitted by him to Kew, which flowered for the first time upwards of ten years ago. ‘The specimen here figured, also received from Mr. Parish, flowered in July, 1872, in the same month as the previous specimen had.

Descr. Roots fascicled on creeping rhizomes. Leajing stems three feet high, as thick as a swan’s quill, almost cylindric. Leaves with a glabrous terete sheath, short green obtuse auricles, and an elliptic-oblong or lanceolate-acute

e, four to six inches long, which is dark green above, paler beneath, and there sparingly clothed with appressed

FEBRUARY Isr, 1873.

hairs ; at the base they are contracted into a short petiole. Scape stout, three to four inches high, clothed with obtuse green obtusely keeled striated sheaths, the upper of which are acute and margined with red. Spzkes four to six inches long, cylindric, rather broader upwards. Bracts closely im- bricated, erecto-patent, three-quarters of an inch in diameter, cucullate, green with broad scarlet margins, retuse or trun- cate, or obtusely apiculate. //owers one inch long, pale straw- coloured, the lip reticulated in squares with brown-purple veins. Ovary short. Outer perianth tubular, with three short rounded lobes half as long as the tube of the inner perianth, which is one and a half inches long. Dorsal segment hooded, arched, linear-oblong, subacute ; outer lateral recurved, linear- oblong acute ; inner lateral much shorter, truncate or rounded at the tip. zp obovate, much shorter than the outer lateral segments. Sfaminodes linear, obtuse. Anther linear-oblong produced into an erect subulate beak as long as itself. Stigma of two small ciliate lobes.—J. D, H.

Fig. 1. Flowers; 2, anther; 3, stigma; 4, ovary and staminodes :—all magnified,

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Tas. 6020. COTY LEDON MAMILLA RIS.

Native of Namaqualand.

Nat. Ord. CrRAssuLACER.

Genus CoryLepon, Linn. ; (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. ii. p. 659.)

CoryLEepon mamillaris ; glaberrima, caule crasso elongato parce ramoso ramis paucis pallide rufis apicibus decurvis laxe foliosis, foliis crassis laxis horizontalibus fusiformibus teretibus acutis glaucis basi in petiolum crassum brevem cylindraceum contractis levibus, spica termi- nali elongata pendula simplici rachi cylindracea fusco-rubra, fioribus 2-Pollicaribus in fasciculos 8-floros sparsos dispositis horizontaliter divaricatis, bracteolis minutis, | calyce parvo viridi hemispherico 5-dentato, corolla rubro-purpurea tubo elongato 5-gono angulis cos- tatis, limbo parvo patenti-recurvo breviter 5-lobo, lobis saturate rubris undulatis caudato-acuminatis, squamulis minutis orbiculatis emarginatis, ovariis angustis,

CorrLepon mamillaris, Linn. f. Suppl., p. 242; Thunb. Flor. Cap., p. 397 ; DC. Prodr., vol. iii. p, 898; Harv. and Sond. Flor, Cap., vol. iii. p. 377.

C. filicaulis, Eckl. and Zeyh, jid. Harv., lc.

A native of the arid western districts of the Cape region, which contains so many of the most peculiar forms of South African vegetation, and whence the dry stoves of our grand- fathers were supplied with the majority of those curious, in- teresting, and often singularly beautiful succulents that are now all but banished from cultivation. Of the genus Cotyle- don there are three-and-twenty South African species alone described in Harvey’s and Sonder’s Flora, of which twelve were in 1811 cultivated at Kew, where there are now eighteen.

Descr. Quite glabrous. Stem one to two feet high (branched, creeping and rooting, according to Thunberg), ascending in our Specimen, and sparingly branched, pale red- brown, as thick as the middle finger, fleshy, covered with the

_ FEBRUARY Ist, 1873,

prominent scars of fallen leaves, tips decurved. Leaves scat tered, two to two and a half inches long, horizontal or ascend- ing, spindle-shaped, pointed, contracted at the base into a short, stout, swollen petiole, quite cylindric on a transverse section, succulent, terete, quite smooth, pale, very glaucous green, nerveless. Spike a foot long, terminal, slender, pen- dulous ; peduncle and rachis dark chestnut-brown, cylindric. Flowers two-thirds of an inch long, in scattered fascicles of three, spreading horizontally from the rachis and divaricating from one another, quite sessile. Calyx green, hemispheric, with two minute bracts at the base, shortly 5-toothed. Corolla-tube dull red-brown, half an inch long, tubular, with 5-ribbed angles, contracted at the mouth; limb dull red- brown, a quarter of an inch in diameter, spreading and reflexed, 5-lobed ; lobes shallow, undulate, with a long subu- late point. Scales minute, orbicular, notched. Ovaries long,

slender.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Whole plant :—diminished ; 2, flower and bracts on portion of rachis; 3, flower removed; 4, ovaries and scales :—all magnified.

COLONIAL AND FOREIGN FLORAS.

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¥

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6027

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Vincent Brooks Day &

Tas. 6021, PHILODENDRON ruses.

Native of Venezuela and Trinidad.

Nat. Ord. Aroinex.—Tribe PHiLopENpRER.

Genus Puiopenpron, Schott ; (Prodr. Syst. Aroid., p. 219.)

Puttopznpron rubens; candice robusto suberecto, vaginis stipuleformibus amplis ovato-lanceolatis pallide roseis membranaceis persistentibus, foliis ovato-cordatis hastatisve acuminatis coriaceis basi profunde 2-lobis lobis obtusis sinu lato v. angusto, venis in lobis ad 6, posticis breviter denudatis,petiolo gracili cylindraceo elongato superne undulato-asperatis, pedunculo brevi, spatha 6-8-pollicari extus albo-virescente intus amoene rubro-purpurascente, lamina tubo oblongo-ovoideo paulo ven- tricoso sesquilongiore erecta naviculari sensim in cuspidem conicum erectam angustata, spadice spatha breviore v. subeequante, parte foeminea constricta tertiam v. quartam partem occupante, ovariis 3-4-locularibus multi-ovulatis, stigmatibus majusculis.

PuILODENDRON rubens, Schott, Synops. Aroid., p. 84; Prodr. Aroid., p. 245.”

T refer this magnificent Aroid to Schott’s P. rubens with little doubt, though it differs from his description in the length of the spadix, which he describes as being much shorter than the spathe, whilst in the Kew plant it equals the spathe in length. In all other respects the plants accord so well that it is not likely they should specifically differ ; and they further come from almost the same country ; Schott’s plant, which he describes from cultivated specimens, from Venezuela, and the Kew one from the neighbouring island of Trinidad, whence it was sent by Dr. Cruger, then (in 1866) Superintendent of the Botanic Gardens. As Dr. Cruger was in the habit of receiving plants from the adjacent coast of Venezuela, and P. rubens is nowhere described as a Trinidad plant, it is not impossible that the specimen sent to Kew may have come after all from the

MARCH Ist, 1873.

former country. Dr. Schott mentions that the spathe is sometimes double, which implies a tendency to an abnormal condition of the inflorescence in his specimens, which were cultivated in the Imperial Gardens of Schénbrunn.

Dnscr. Stem in the Kew plant two feet high, as thick as the wrist, inclined, cylindric, green, sending numerous roots into the water of the tank in which the pot stands (possibly the species is a climber). Stipular sheaths semi-amplexicaul, spreading, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, rose-coloured, mem- branous, surrounding the leaf-bases. Petiole one and a half to two feet long, slender, swollen at the base, cylindric, dark green, with rough raised lines towards the top. Leaf fifteen to sixteen inches long by thirteen to fifteen broad, ovate- cordate, or hastate, shortly acuminate, deep green above, paler beneath, lobes rounded with about six nerves in each, the posterior marginal for a short distance from the petiole, basal sinus deep, open or contracted. Peduncle short, green, cylindric. Spathe six to eight inches long, erect, white ex- ternally, suffused with green down the back and with pale rose colour on the sides; inside vivid red-purple ; tube ovoid- oblong, rather contracted ; open part longer, boat-shaped, narrowed into a conical erect cusp nearly one inch long. Spadix nearly as long as the spathe, cylindric ; pistilliferous part short, contracted ; staminiferous and barren parts elon- gated, cylindric, obtuse, white. Ovaries densely crowded, obovoid, 3-4-celled ; cells many-ovuled; stigma sessile, gees Anthers few, fertile, broader upwards, truncate.—

Fig. 1, Whole plant reduced; 2, portion of leaf of natural size; 3, upper part of stem sheath and inflorescence; 4, spadix :—both of natural size ; 5, . ovary; 6, transverse, and 7, vertical section of ditto; 8, staminode; 9,

stamen :—all magnified.

items. ll

Vincent Brooks Day & Sona '

Tas. 6022. ARPOPHYLLUM spicatum.,

Native of Mexico.

Nat. Ord, Orcuwwea.—Tribe EpipEnpRE.

Genus Arpornyiium, Llav. and Lex. ; (Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orchid., p. 151.)

ARPOPHYLLUM spicatum; caudice repente crassitie perme olorine, vaginis inferioribus granulatis, folio pedali complicato arcuato ligulato subacuto carinato, pedunculo brevi suberecto, spica cylindracea densiflora — 3-5-pollicari, floribus purpureo-roseis } poll. diam., petalis sepalis subequalibus margine postico eroso, labello 3-lobo concavo margine eroso, lobo medio parvo orbiculari.

ARPOPHYLLUM spicatum, Llav. and Lex. Nov. Veg. Descript., vol. ii. p. 195 Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orchid., 151; Bot. Reg., vol. xxv. Mise. p.16; Ann. Nat. Hist. 1840, vol. iv. p. 384; Benth. Pl. Hartweg., p.72; Walp, Ann, vol. vi. p. 448,

Apparently a very rare plant, since, though described up- wich of forty years to by Sate and Lexarca, and introduced into this country in 1839 by Hartweg, it has hitherto never been figured or accurately described. Indeed, so imperfect is the original character given by the author just mentioned, that I depend less upon it for the identification of the plant here figured, than upon Lindley’s having referred the plant collected by Hartweg (with the dried specimens of which this accords) to Llave and Lexarca’s Arpophyllum sprcatum. Tt is a native of Mexico, and was first found by its describers at Sultepec, and near Aricubaro (localities which I do not find in any map or gazetteer), and later by Hartweg, at the Hacienda del Carmen, wherever that may be. There are other specimens of apparently the same plant in the Hookerian Herbarium, collected by Galeotti, in the Oak and Pine region of Oaxaia, at 7000 to 8500 feet elevation; and by Jurgensen on the Sierra San Pedro Nolasco, Talea, &c. These differ greatly in

MARCH Ist, 1873,

the length and breadth of the sheath of the peduncle, being in all very much larger than in the Kew plant, as also in the amount of glandular pubescence on the ovaries and rachis ; all agree in stature, habit, and the complicate arcuate leaf, flowers, &c. The lower sheaths of the stem are remarkably granulate when dry in most specimens, but not in all. The specimen here figured flowered in Kew, in the Catleya House, in April, 1872. The spike resembles in colour and form that of Gymnadenia conopsea.

Dzscr. Rhizome cylindric, creeping, as thick as a swan’s quill, hard, green, sending out stout roots, and ascending strong sheathed flowering branches, two to six inches long, bearing each a leaf and raceme of flowers; sheaths somewhat compressed, appressed, or slightly ventricose, brown, rigidly coriaceous, obtuse, older ones granulate on the surface. Lea about one foot long, falcate, complicate, keeled, subacute, very coriaceous, smooth, bright green. Peduacle three to four inches long, stout, green, erect, with a basal sheath, which is very variable in size. Spike three to five inches long, dense. Mowers rose-purple, one-third of an inch in diameter. Ovary slender, sharply angled, more or less glandular-pubescent. Sepals equal, broadly oblong-ovate, obtuse. Pefa/s similar or larger, the upper or posterior margin erose. Jip rather longer than the petals, very shortly clawed ; concave ; base gibbous ; lateral lobes short, terminal, orbicular, cup-shaped, margins of lobes erose. Column obscurely toothed at the tip.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, column and lip; 3, column; 4, lip :—all magnified.

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Vincent BrooksDay Samii

Tas. 6023. ARISARUM voteare.

Native of the Mediterranean Region.

Nat. Ord. Arorpra:.—Tribe ARISARES.

Genus Arisarum, Targ. Tozzi ; (Schott, Prodr, Syst. Aroid., p. 20.)

ArisaruM vulgare; foliis solitariis oblongo-hastatis obtusis apiculatis, pedunculo petiolo breviore v. longiore concolore v. purpureo-maculato, spatha fornicata brevi curva basi tumida oblique truncata lamina brevi cucullata obtusa v. apiculata purpurea, spadicis appendice curva apice globosa-clavata exserta.

ARIsaRuM vulgare, Targ. Tozzi, Ann. Mus. Florent., vol. ii. p. 67; Kunth. Enum, Plant., vol. iii. p. 15; Parlatore Flor. Italian., vol. ii. p. 235; Reichb. Ic. Flor. Germ., vol. vii. t. 7; Durieuw Bot. Explor. Alger., t. Ixiv. f. 10—12.,

ARUM Arisarum, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1370; Gren. and Godr. Flor, France, vol. iii. p. 331; Moggridge Contrib. Flor. Mentone, t. 47; Jacq. Hort. © Schenb., vol. ii. t. 192; Sibthorp Flor. Grac., t. 948.

A very common Mediterranean plant, inhabiting earthy banks ete., from Palestine and Egypt to Portugal and Marocco, and reappearing in the Canary Islands (4A. subea- sertum, Webb), and in the Azores (4. azoricum, Schott). Schott has indeed made species out of no less than twelve forms from so many countries within the above-named limits, but the characters he gives are utterly unsubstantial, and the dried Specimens upon which he has founded them are often abso- lutely undistinguishable. The genus in fact consists of but two species, the present, which has a very wide range, and A. proboscideum, Savi, of the Apennines, which is ,distin- ag by the spathe being produced into a long twisted

The specimens here figured are from Marocco, where the plant abounds, and where my attention was directed to its root by Mr. Hunot of Saffi, as affording a food to the natives

MARCH Isr, 1873.

during their frequent seasons of famine ; when they are dug up, washed, and cooked, notwithstanding their poisonous properties. The Arab name is Ironne. A similar use is made of the roots of the great Arisemas in the Himalaya (see A. curvatum, Tab. nost. 5931). During my visit to Marocco this plant was long past flower, and I am indebted to my friend Dr. Leared for the specimen here figured, which he brought in a flowering state in November last. The spathes are small and much paler than in the Mediterranean forms ; but this probably is to be accounted for by the confinement of the plant on board the steamer during its homeward voyage; for in dried specimens from Tangier, they are as large and highly coloured as in European ones.

Descr. Root a tuber of various shapes, sometimes as large as a walnut, but usually smaller, producing a solitary leaf and scape, which are surrounded at the base by a membranous, acute sheath one to three inches long. Petiole three to eight inches long, pale green, sometimes speckled or blotched with purple, terete, succulent; blade usually three inches long, but sometimes twice as large or much smaller, very variable in breadth, oblong-hastate or almost deltoid, obtuse, apiculate, bright green above, paler beneath; lobes spreading or pointing downwards, obtuse. Scape shorter or longer than the petiole and like it spotted or not. Spathe one and a half to two and and a half inches long; tube inflated, obliquely truncate ;

limb short, arched, subacute, about as long as the tube, : dark-purple, the colour extending in streaks along the tube. Spadiv conical at the base, and broadly adnate to the spathe,

round the conical base of the spadix ; anthers reniform. Ovaries few, seated on the spathe in front of the spadix, l-celled ; on many basal ; style very short, stigma capi-

Ser tei

Fig. 1, column; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, ovary ;

7 5 7 £ . 7 f ditto :—all magnified. » vertical section o

Tas. 6024,

NIDULARIUM sprcrazin. = “2026604 2 SPECTABILIS

Native of Brazil. fle feel Colah

Nat. Ord. BromeLiacex.—Tribe ANANASSE,

P Genus Nipuuarium, Lemaire Jardin Fleuriste, vol. iv., Mise., p. 60, t. 441.

NIpuLArIum spectabile ; acaule, cespitosum, foliis rosulatis recurvis e basi late dilatata late loriformibus (ad 2-poll. latis) planiusculis minute distanter. spinuloso-dentatis apice late sanguinea rotundatis ungue rigido ter-

| minatis supra viridibus subtus glaucescentibus albo transverse fasciatis,

4 floribus in fasciculum multiflorum terminalem sessilem dense congestis,

| bracteis lanceolatis acuminatis purpureis calycem sxquantibus : calycis

| lobis oblongis longe cuspidatis sanguineis, petalis infra medium in E

r tubum connatis dein ellipticis acuminatis recurvis violaceis, antheris ot

aN sessilibus.

Nipuartum spectabile, 7. Moore in Gard. Chron., 1873, p. 8.

The genus Nidularium was established by Lemaire in 1854, and includes various species of the old genera Bromelia, Billbergia, &e., together with others, of which a dozen are enumerated by Morren, in his valuable “ Catalogue oe des Broméliacées cultivées au Jardin Botanique de l'Université a de Liege” (1873.) Amongst them WV. Meyendorfii, Regel, m (Billbergia olens, Tab. nost. 5502), is the only one quoted oe being hitherto figured in the “Botanical Magazine. The genus is probably a large one, and we have dried Specimens of the foliage ‘of several Brazilian species, besides the considerable number that are in cultivation. NV. spectabile was imported by Mr. Bull from the interior of Brazil, and flowered in his establishment in December, 1872. It is a very striking plant, allied to WV. Meyen- dorfii, Lemaire (Ill. Hort. ¢, 245), but very distinct ; and may at once be recognised from any species hitherto cultivated in England, by the singular bright blood-red ends

MARCH Ist, 1873.

of the leaves, which form a clearly defined and singular con- trast both to the bright green of the upper surface and the glaucous dull green of the lower surface of the leaf.

Drscr. Tufted, stemless. Leaves twelve to fourteen inches long by one and a half to two inches broad, inner shorter, broadly strap-shaped from a very broad sheathing base, slightly concave, points rounded with a beak-like cusp, margin with small remote spiny teeth, upper surface dark green except the tip, which presents a bright blood-red patch half an inch deep on both surfaces; under surface covered with alternate dull green and dirty white lepidote transverse bands; towards the base of the leaf the green bands are purplish. FVowers numerous in a crowded terminal flat-topped fascicle, one and three quarters to two inches in diameter, sunk amongst the uppermost leaves, spinulose from the prominent bracts, which are lanceolate concave, rose- purple above the middle, and terminate in acicular points. Ovary ovoid, white. Calyzx-limb of three elliptic blood-red seg- ments, terminating in erect acicular points, which equal the corolla-tube. Corolla-tube ‘pale, obtusely 3-angled; limb three quarters of an inch diameter, of three spreading and recurved ovate acuminate violet-blue segments. Anthers linear-oblong, sessile in the mouth of the tube.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Whole plant reduced ; 2, flower and bracts; 38, portion of tube and a segment of corolla with anthers; 4, ovary :—all magnified.

6025 Pas

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Tas. 6025. ARECA PUMILA.

Native of the Malayan Archipelago.

Nat. Ord. Patmem.—Tribe ARECINER.

‘Genus Arrca, Linn.; (Endl. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 247.)

ArEca pumila ; caule humili arundinaceo basi dilatato, cicatricibus pro- minentibus ad 2 poll. remotis, foliisad 1-2-pedalibus, vagina cylindracea paulo turgida viridi, rachi glabra, petiolo brevi pinnis ad 5-jugis e basi lata remotis late falcato-oblongis acuminatis sub 5-nerviis subtus minutissime asperulis, summis confluentibus premorso-dentatis, spadice brevi arrecto breviter pedunculato glabro pinnatim ramoso, bracteis angustis subulato-lanceolatis, floribus masculis ultra medium ramulorum flexuosorum 2-seriatim imbricatis secundis, foemineis ad basin ramu- lorum solitariis cum masculis 2 imperfectis stipatis, sepalis in fl. ¢ minutis petalis subacutis multoties minoribus, fl. Q sepalis amplis petalis paulo brevioribus, staminibus 3, fructu elongato ellipsoideo umbonato.

Arcea pumila, Blume, Rumphia, vol. ii. p. 71, t. 99 et 102, non Martius.

ARECA triandra, Roxb. var. pumila Miguel Fl. Ned. Ind., vol. iii. og 11; Flore des Jardins, vol. ii. t. 10 (1859) excl. synon. Marti, Miquelii et Griffthii,

Areca triandra, Roxb. var. B. pumila, Mart. Hist. Palm., vol. iii. p. 311.

The present elegant Palm has been the subject of much confusion. It was originally discovered by Blume, who appears to have communicated its discovery to Von Martius under the name of 4. pumila. Martius, however, through some mistake, described and figured Blume’s 4. Nenga, a totally distinct plant, belonging to another section of the genus, for Blume’s 4. pumila. Griffith (“Calcutta Journal of Nat. Hist., vol. v. 456) retains Martius’ name of 4. pumila for A. Nenga, in which he is followed by Miquel (“ FI. Ind. Bat., vol. 111. p- 14); and, lastly, the anonymous author of the “ Flo Te des Jardins ” (1859), quotes all the above names as belonging to one plant, and accompanies them by a wretched reduced copy of the true 4. pumila taken from Blume’s work. For.

“MARCH Ist, 1873.

tunately Blume’s excellent plates and descriptions leave no doubt as to the name of the plant here figured.

With regard to Roxburgh’s 4reca triandra, to which Miquel has referred this as a variety, I was very familiar with it in Bengal ; it is a much larger plant, attaining 30 feet in height, is always stoloniferous, and has usually many more and narrower pinnules.

A. pumila is a native of Java, and was received at the Royal Gardens from Holland many years ago; it flowered fre- quently, usually in the spring months, up till some six years ago, when it died after transplantation.

Duscr. Stem three feet high, erect, slender, without stolons, solitary, swollen at the very base, green; rings very prominent, two inches apart. Leaves few, about two feet long; sheath cylindric, slightly inflated, green, petiole short and rather smooth ; blade ovate-oblong, cut into about five pairs of leaflets, which are rather distant, oblong from a very broad base, falcate, acuminate, about 5-nerved, minutely asperulous. beneath. Spathe suberect, much shorter than the leaf-sheath, flabellately sparingly branched, stout, shortly peduncled, green, quite glabrous. /Vowers unilateral; ¢ minute, 2-seriate, imbricate on slender white flexuous branchlets, secund. Sepals minute, triangular. Petals elliptic-ovate, subacute. Stamens three : fl. 2 sessile at the base of the small branches, with a minute imperfect male flower on each side. Sepals green, broad, subacute, keeled, rather shorter than the petals. Drupe a inches long, ellipsoid-oblong, red-brown, umbonate.—

ol, 1.

Fig. 1. Reduced view of whole plant ; 2, top of stem and spadix, of the natural size; 3, male flower ; 4, female flower with minute male and base of male branch :—all magnified ; 5, fruit, of natural size, from Blume,

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6026

~~ Vincent BrocksDay & Son mp.

Tas. 6026.

ZAMIOCULCAS Borvintt.

Native of Eastern Tropical Africa.

Nat. Ord. AromtrEx.—Tribe OronrTIEx.

Genus Zamiocucas, Schott ; (Dene. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, vol. xvii. p. 321).

ZAMIOCULCAS Boiviniti ; foliis 3-ternatim sectis, foliolis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis sessilibus v. breviter petiolatis, petiolo tereti medio nodoso-

Incrassato, pedunculo gracili, spathe lamina lanceolata acuminata intus pallide straminea, extus luride viridi lineolis fuscis creberrime striolata.

Zamiocueas Boivinii, Dene. 1. c. p- 322.

When last year I figured in this Magazine the curious 4. Loddigesii (Tab. 5985), and called attention to the fact of i species with bipinnate leaves having been described by my friend M. Decaisne, I little expected that living specimens of this were then actually on their way to Kew from its inde- fatigable correspondent Dr. Kirk, H.B.M. Vice-Consul at Zanzibar, who procured them from the coast opposite to that island. Further, on referring to the Herbarium, I find under the genus Axzchomanes dried specimens of this same Zamioculeas, collected by Dr. Kirk himself, when accom- panying Dr. Livingstone on his second expedition, in 1861, on the banks of the Shire river, opposite to the rapids of Zedzani. As a species this differs widely in habit from Z. Loddigesii, bearing apparently only a single leaf, whose petiole is not so remarkably clavate at the base, though similarly swollen into a node at the middle; the peduncle is very much longer and more slender, the spathe much larger, longer, and more lanceolate, and the spadix of a very diffe- rent form ; the filaments also are different, the anthers open by pores, the ovary has a distinct style, and lastly, instead of being all over pure bright green, the peduncles, petioles, and spathe externally of Z Boivinii are of a lurid green,

APRIL Ist, 1873,

fasciated with pencilled streaks of greenish or purplish brown, giving a singularly lurid and snake-like look to the plant. Considering all these points, it is perhaps doubtful whether 4. Boivinii should not be regarded as the type of a distinct genus or sub-genus, to which the name of Gozatopus, in allusion to the knee-like swelling on the petiole, might be applied.

Descr. Rhizome short, dilated. Leaf in our specimen soli- tary, radical, enclosed at the base along with the peduncle in a few short membranous acute sheaths, two to three feet long, erect ; blade triangular-ovate, triternately pinnate ; petiole as thick as the little finger, with one swollen oblong node in the middle, and as well as the slender rachis, partial petioles, and peduncles of the spathes, of a dull green, crossed by irregular bands of brownish striz ; pinne opposite, sessile or shortly petioled, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, membranous, faintly nerved. Peduncles two in our specimen, one on each side of the petiole, shorter and much more slender than it is,’ cylindric, terete. Spathe six inches long, ovate-lanceolate from a short sheathing base that embraces the female flowers, long-acuminate ; blade revolute, dirty yellow-green inside, lurid yellow-green outside, with six to eight obscure dark nerves and innumerable dark strie. Spadiv equalling the spathe; female portion one inch long, subglobose; male portion cylindric, four inches long by one-third of an inch broad, yellow, terete, densely clothed with yellow hexagonal flowers, whose truncate perianth-segments give it an even surface. Perianth-segments four, prismatic, thick, truncate, closely embracing the organs of fructification. Male flower :-— s(amens four, surrounding a rudimentary pistil, filaments very short, broad ; anthers included, incumbent, didymous, cells opening by large terminal pores. Female flower :—ovary ob- ovoid, 2-celled, contracted into a columnar style with a capitate stigma; ovules ascending from the septum, solitary in each cell, micropyle inferior.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Reduced figure of plant ; 2, pinnules of the natural size :—3, male flower 3 4, stamens and rudimentary ovary; 5, stamen; 6, female flower ; 7, pistil; 8, vertical section of ditto :—all magnified.

6027.

WeErtch del et Lith Vincent Brooks Day & Son, Imp

Tas. 6027.

SEDUM pasypHYLLUM, VAR. GLANDULIFERUM.

Native of Spain and Marocco.

Nat. Ord, CrassuLAcEz.

Genus Sepum, L.; (Benth. and Hook f. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 659).

Sepum dasyphyllum var. glanduliferum ; bamile, cespitosum, glaucum, glanduloso-pubescens, caulibus brevibus basi ramosis tortuosis, foliis surculorum dense congestis ovoideis v. ellipsoideis teretibus obtusis, caulinis sparsis consimilibus v. longioribus et subspathulatis, cymis paucifloris, sepalis oblongis obtusis petalisque albis roseo-tinctis extus glanduloso-pubescentibus, ovariis turgidis hispidulis in stylos breves suberectos repente angustatis, glandulis hypogynis parvis.

SepuM dasyphyllum, var. B glanduliferum, Moris Flor. Sardoa, vol. ii. p- 125.

Sepum glanduliferum, Gussone Flor. Sic. Prodr., vol. i. p. 519; Tenore Flor. Neap. Syil., p- 226, et Flor. Nap., vol, iv. p. 251, t. 232, f. 2; Boiss. Voy. Espagn., p. 226. :

Sepum Corsicum, Duby Bot, Gall., vol. i. p. 292; DC. Prodr., vol. iii. R 406 ; Tenore Flor. Nap., vol. iv. p. 252. - a Ges

Sl

A very free-growing variety of Sedwm dasyphyllum, well adapted on this account and from its glaucous habit for rock~ work cultivation. It is a native of dry rocks and banks in Spain, extending thence to Sicily, Corsica, and Calabria, ascending in the former country to 7000 feet elevation on the Sierra Nevada, and also occurring in North Africa from the Atlas to thé Blidah province of Algeria and throughout the mountainous regions of Marocco. It is most nearly allied to 8. dasyphyllum, as a variety of which it is no doubt correctly regarded by Moris in his Flora Sardoa, who ob- serves that the amount of glandular pubescence varies greatly, and that the petals are obtuse, acute, or shortly acuminate in both the original S. dasyphyllum and its variety.

APRIL Ist, 1873.

It flowered both in the Royal Gardens and at Benthall Hall from plants brought from the greater Atlas by Mr. Maw and myself in 187].

Drscr. Tufted, perennial, glaucous, glandular-pubescent. Stems prostrate and ascending, one to three inches long, the flowerless shoots short, densely clothed with imbricating leaves, and forming club-shaped masses. Leaves a quarter to one-third of an inch long, succulent, sessile, ovoid or ellipsoid, obtuse, terete, hardly flattened on the upper surface; those on the flower-bearing stems remote, often larger and more obovate or spathulate. Cymes 5—8-flowered ; flowers very shortly pedicelled, one-third of an inch in diameter, white with rose-coloured tips and dorsal keel of the petals. Sepals _ green, oblong, obtuse, glandular, half as long as the corolla. Petals elliptic-ovate, acute obtuse or shortly acuminate, glandular-pubescent at the back. Anthers brown. Glands short, small, clavate. Ovaries turgid, hispid, abruptly con-

tracted into short somewhat recurved styles.—/. _D. H.

acer ear ne ee I ee EN |

Figs. 1 and 2, Leaves ; 3, bud; 4, flower expanded ; 5, ovaries and hypo- gynous glands :—all magnified.

6028

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Tas. 6028, FRE YCINETIA Banxstr.

Native of New Zealand.

Nat. Ord. PANDANEA.

Genus Freyowetia, Gaudichaud ; (Endl. Gen. Pl., p. 242).

FREYCINETIA Banksit ; alte scandens, caule gracili ramoso, ramis foliosis, foliis confertis 2—3-pedalibus e basi vaginante anguste lineari-subulatis 1-poll. latis marginibus carinaque minute spinuloso-serrulatis, bracteis e. basi lata ovata concava carnosa alba v. pallide lilacina subulato- lanceolatis erectis, spadicibus simplicibus erectis breviter crasse pedun- culatis, masculis 3-5 poll. longis 3 poll. diametro elongato conicis obtusis, ‘staminibus 8-12( ‘eines ovariun Pudimentatiam oblongum crenulatum dispositis, filamentis elongatis, spadice femineo oblongo- cylindraceo obtuso, ovariis longitudinaliter elongatis, stylo crasso disco angusto crenulato (crenulis stigmatibus respondentibus) coronato, ovulis numerosissimis supra totam superficiem internam cavitatis ovarii con-— ree oblique pendulis, staminodiis parvis remotis spathulatis stylo adnatis.

Freycinet Banksii, Cunningham in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag., vol. ii. p. 877 ;

Hook. f. Flor, Nov. Zel., vol. i. p. 237, t. 54, 55; Handbook of the New Zealand Flora, p. 275.

A well-known New Zealand plant, the Kie Kie of the natives (according to Mr. Mantell), whose fleshy bracts, called Tawhara, are greedily eaten by them, and also made by the colonists into a very luscious. jelly tasting like strawberries. In reference to this, the late Dr. Sinclair informed me that this food was so highly prized by the natives, that in some parts of the island, the forests where the plant abounds is tabooed till the bracts are ready for eating, when the members of the tribe to whom the forest belongs, at a given signal rush into the woods and satiate themselves with the luscious food. It is common in the forests of the Northern Island, as far south as the East Cape, and it is said to occur in the Middle Island also, but I have seen no specimens from thence. It festoons

APRIL Ist, 1873.

the trees, which it climbs by means of its clasping roots, pre- senting a very beautiful appearance. The leaves are used for basket-making. Two plants of it are grown in the Palm- house at Kew, and have attained one, the female, the height of five feet, the other of about three ; both flowered for the first time this year, the male first, and so long before the female showed any sign of flowering, that the pollen of the former was all shed before the opportunity offered of fertilizing the latter. The bracts of the male were pure white, those of the female a pale lilac. The plants were sent to the Royal Gardens in a Ward’s case by Dr. Hector, F.R.S., the Director of the Geological Survey of New Zealand.

Descr. A lofty climber, ascending the trees for one hundred feet and more. Sfem rooting, slender, about one inch in diameter. Leaves two to three feet long by one inch broad, elongate linear-subulate, spreading and recurved, minutely spinulose-serrulate, keeled, concave, tip trigonous, green with a paler line halfway between the midrib and margin. Inflorescence dicecious, in the centre of the extremity of the branches, surrounded by bracts three to six inches long, that have an ovate very fleshy, white or pale lilac base and subulate tip. Spadices crowded, erect, shortly pedunceled ; males three to five inches long, by one-third of an inch in diameter, gradually narrowed to the obtuse tip, bright yellow. Flowers crowded, each consisting of eight to twelve stamens surrounding a vertically elongated crenulate green disk ; fila- ments slender, anthers small. Female spade shorter than the male, elongate oblong, cylindric, tip rounded. Ovaries densely crowded, consisting of a vertically elongated laterally com- pressed hard green style bearing eight to ten spathulate staminodes on its sides, and crowned by a crenulate stigmati- ferous disk, placed on a wedge-shaped cell, the inner surface of which is densely crowded with anatropous ovules. Fruiting spadix green, five inches long.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Reduced view of branch, leaves, and inflorescence, about one-eighth natural size; 2, male spadix and bract ; 8, portion of spadix and male flower; 4, ripe female spadix; 5, its style and staminodes, of the natural

size; 6, vertical section of ovary, with ovules :—magnified,

‘WFitch del: et ith.

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Tas. 6029. ODONTOGLOSSUM trripuprans.

Native of Peru.

Nat. Ord. Orcuipem.—Tribe VANDEA.

Genus Opvonrocossum, H. B. and K. ; (Lindl. Fol. Orchid., Odontoglossum),

ODONTOGLOSsUM tripudians ; pseudobulbis ovoideo-oblongis compressis, foliis

by 7—10-pollicaribus lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis, racemo simplici pluri- floro, bracteis subulato-lanceolatis pedicello dimidio brevioribus, floribus 2-poll. diametro, sepalis elliptico-oblongis acuminatis intus castaneis basi et apice aureis, petalis sepalis subsimilibus aureis plagis latis lobatis | castaneis transversis notatis, labello albo roseo maculato brevissime unguiculato ambitu oblongo-quadrato, medio constricto, lobo basilari | margine obscure crenato, terminali paullo latiore rotundato apicu-

as alate alis laceris incurvis.

lato marginibus erosis, disco basi carinis ad 10 flabellatim dispasitis, carinis 4 interioribus longius productis spinescentibus, columne superne

OponToGLossum tripudians, Reichb. f. in Bonplandia, 11 Jahrgang (1854) p.

100; Walp. Ann., vol. vi. p. 830.

The genus Odontoglossum is now so largely increased in number of species and in the beauty of these, that it _may fairly be said to rival Dendrobium in the estimation of Horti- culturists and especially of Orchid growers. The present beautiful species was discovered by Warsewicz in about 1849, and described by H. Reichenbach in the work quoted above, where it is compared with 0. rigidum, Lindl., a species differing in the long claw of the lip and in other respects. It was flowered by Messrs. Veitch in January of the present year, and for brillianey of colour and size of flower is cer- tainly a magnificent species. It had been placed in the section Xanthoglossum, from which, however, the white colour of the lip removes it. The contrast between the muddy yellow-green of the back of the flower, and the clear, bright

APRIL Ist, 1873,

hues of the front is very remarkable, and rendered all the more so by the habit of the plant, which (in the specimen here figured) turns all the flowers on one side of the raceme to the observer and the other away; considering that the raceme is erect, this suggests either a possible rotation of the rachis so as to expose the flowers by turns to the light, or an arrangement by which one side secures the forenoon and the other the afternoon exposure to the light.

Duscr. Pseudobulbs ovoid-oblong, about three inches long, compressed, green. eaves seven to ten inches long, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, keeled, deep green above, paler beneath. Raceme erect, longer than the leaves, 8—10-flowered, nearly naked, peduncle and rachis stiff, green; bracts small, triangular-lanceolate, shorter than the pedicels. //owers two inches in diameter ; perianth spreading, dull yellow-green on the back, except at the tip. Sepals elliptic-oblong, acuminate, rich maroon brown, with golden tips and bases. Petals equalling the sepals, golden yellow, with very broad trans- verse maroon brown lobed blotches. Zip oblong in outline, shortly clawed, white with rose-coloured blotches; lateral lobes rounded, obscurely crenate ; terminal suborbicular, api- culate, erose; disk with about ten keels radiating from the claw, of which the four inner are produced on to the surface of the basal lobe, and end each in a spinous process. Column — at the tip, wings incurved, deeply 3—6-toothed.—

Fig. 1, Column and lip :—magnified.

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Tas. 6030. CHAMAIDOREA TEPEJILOTE.

Native of Eastern Mewxico.

Nat. Ord. Patmew,—Tribe ARECINER.

Genus Cuamaporra, Willd. ; (Endl. Gen. Plant. p. 245).

Cuamaperra Tepejilote ; caule solitario gracili erecto non radicante, inter- nodiis 1—2-pollicaribus, foliis 3—4-pedalibus pinnatis, pinnis multijugis ad 1} pedalibus anguste lanceolatis acuminatis leviter falcatis sub 7-nerviis, spathis numerosis 6—10-pollicaribus laxis viridibus rostrato- acuminatis ad medium clausis, spadice ¢ pedunculato curvo nutante, pedunculo subcylindraceo, ramis perplurimis pendulis 5-7 -pollicaribus teretibus, floribus 6-seriatim dispositis, perianthii segmentis exterioribus obsoletis interioribus transverse oblongis, filamentis basi_ liberis, antheris obliquis, spadice Q suberecto ramis 6-10 divaricatis cylin- draceis quam ¢ brevioribus et strictioribus, floribus semi-immersis, perianthio maris.

Cuamzporea Tepejilote, Liebm. in Mart Hist. Palm., vol. iii. p. 308.

STEPHANOSTACHYS Tepejilote, Oersted Palme Centroamericane, p. 28, ex Natur, Hist. Foren. Vidensk. Meddelels. 1858, an S. Wendlandiana, Oersted, 1. c. ?

A very graceful palm, introduced from Mexico by Wendland of Herrenhausen, Hanover, to whom the Royal Gardens are indebted for the specimen here figured, which flowered for the first time in 1860, and has done so repeatedly since. Itis probably the plant described by Oersted as C. (Stephanostachys) Wendlandiana, and which was cultivated in the Herrenhausen stoves under the name of C. Tenejilote, Liebm., and which Oersted distinguishes from that species by the more numerous branches of the spadix, longer outer perianth-segments and more obtuse inner ones ; but as I am quite unable to discover any developed outer perianth, and the plant otherwise agrees perfectly with Liebman’s original Herbarium specimen of C. Tepejilote, I am obliged to adopt his name, doubting greatly the specific distinctness of the two.

APRIL lst, 1873,

Duscr. Stem erect, ten feet high, as thick as a stout cane ; joints numerous, green, swollen upwards, the very lowest only rooting. Leaves three to four feet long, spreading, pinnate, pinnules in many (twelve to twenty) pairs, one to one and a half feet long by one and a half to two inches broad, slightly curved, narrow lanceolate, acuminate, 7-nerved, green. Male spadix with a long erect sheathed peduncle, which curves and branches beyond the sheaths; sheaths about seven, rather lax, very rigid and coriaceous, green, six to ten inches long, the last longest ending in a long beak, all acuminate, and closed for about halfway up ; branches of spadix twenty to thirty, pendulous, six to ten inches long, a quarter of an inch in diameter, quite cylindric and terete, densely elothed to the base with golden yellow flowers, apiculate. Outer perianth obsolete; inner of three trans- versely oblong segments. Stamens sessile in the base of the perianth, filaments clavate, free at the base; anthers short, oblique. Female spadix erect, with six to ten shorter strict

spreading branches.—J. D. 7.

se aR ee cca ses ne

Fig. 1, Reduced view of the whole plant ; 2, portion of male spadix of' the natural size; 3, male flowers on the axis; 4, male flower removed; 5, stamen :—all magnified,

605)

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Tas. 6031. CROC US Oxtviert.

Native of Greece.

Nat. Ord. Intpem.—Tribe Ixiez.

Genus Crocus, Tourn. ; (Klatt in Linnea, vol. xxxiv. p. 647).

Crocus Olivier’; cormis mediocribus globosis, tunicis membranaceis brunneis

basin versus fibrosis fibris parallelis, foliis 4—5 flores superantibus ¢ poll. diam., marginibus lzvibus non recurvis, costa subtus prominula ciliolata, subtus glaucis, vaginis latis ex albo virescentibus, spatha 2-valvi, corolla late aurantiaca, tubo 3-4 pollicari, limbi lobis obtusis extus basi 3-fasciatis, fauce glabra concolore, antheris pallide citrinis

filamentis concoloribus longioribus, stigmatibus aurantiacis 2-3-fidis lobis elongatis.

Crocus Olivieri, 7. Gay in Ferussae Bull. Se. Nat, vol. xv. p- 219 (Jan. 1832); Kernicke in Flora 1856, p. 470.

C. Aucheri, Boiss, Diagn. Pl. Or., vol. xiii. p. 138 (1867); Walp. Ann., vol. vi. p. 52.

Originally detected in the Island of Scio in the Levant,

y the French oriental traveller and botanist Olivier, from Whose collections it was described by M. Gay of Paris, 1n whose notes to the original specimen (now preserved in the Kew Herbarium), he states that he does not see how it differs from a plant collected by the same traveller between Alep po and Mosul. Subsequently it was collected at Guenive in Asia Minor by Aucher Eloi, and described from thence as =, WoW Species by Boissier (0. Aucheri). More recently still it has been gathered in the Abies region of Attica in Greece, at elevations of 1-3500ft, by Professor Orphanides ; and by eldreich, amongst the melting snows of Mount Parmes, owermng in the month of March. As a species it is most nearly allied to @ mesiacus, Gawler, Tab. nost. 1111, (C. inbett, Lamk., C. lageneflorus, Salisb., C. aureus, Smith, Tab.

APRIL Ist, 1873,

nost. 2986, C. vernus, Curt., Tab. nost. 45, non Smith; all according to J. Gay’s notes), which differs conspicuously in the entire stigmata, much larger size, paler colour and coarser habit. I have not quoted Klatt’s monograph (Linnea, v. 34), because, as Mr. Baker informs me, he is in error with regard to all the synonymy of C. su/fureus, Ker, under which he includes C. Olivieri.

Crocus Olivieri flowered in January in the Royal Gardens, and I received it at the same time from my friend Giles Munby, Esq., under the better known name of C. Aucheri.

Drscr. Corms about the size of a hazel-nut, globose, covered with a thin membranous shining coat that becomes torn into parallel (not reticulate) fibres at the base. Sheaths several, broad, greenish-white, membranous. eaves over- topping the flowers, about one-eighth of an inch broad, acute, green, margins not recurved, quite smooth, glaucous beneath with a very prominent ciliolate keel. Spathes 2-valved, nearly equaling or exceeding the corolla-tube. Corolla bright golden orange, faintly smelling, tube three to four inches long; limb nearly two inches in diameter; throat glabrous, concolorous ; segments obtuse, rather broad, each with three dark streaks outside near the base which extend a little way down the tube. Anthers pale lemon coloured. Stigmas orange-yellow, : each deeply 2-3-fid.—J. D. H.

‘

Fig. 1, Portion of the tunic of the corm; 2, transverse section of leaf; 3, stigmas :—all magnified.

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Tas. 6032. PHAJUS BLUMEI var. Bernaystr

Native of Queensland.

Nat. Ord. Orcnipex.—Tribe, EPIDENDREX.

Genus Puasus, Lour. ; (Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid., p. 126).

Puasus Blume: ; foliis non maculatis, sepalis petalisque subequalibus lanceo- latis acuminatis intus coloratis, labello equilongo convoluto apice trilobo, lobis lateralibus brevibus obtusis, intermedio crispato orbicu- lari apiculato, disco obscure 3-lamellato parce piloso, calcare brevi obtuso v. 2-fido conico ovario quater breviore, columna clavata antice et dorso ima cum anthera puberula.

Puasus Blumei, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. 127; Vriese Iilust. Orchid. Ind. Or. Ned. cum Ic.; Blume Coll. Orchid. Archip. Ind. e Jap. p. 2, t. 1, et 5 D.

Lrwoporvum Incarvillei, Blume Bijd., p. 874.

Var. Bernaysii, Reichb. f. mss. sepalis petalisque extus albis intus salpines columna subtriandra. P. Bernaysii, Rowl. mss. ; Reichb. f. in Gard, Chron., March, 1878, p. 361.

This appears to differ from P. Blumet in colour only, and I hence follow the opinion kindly given me by Prof. Reichenbach, in considering it to be a form of that plant. Whether or no both are not further mere varieties of P. grandifolius, Lour., is questionable ;* the latter plant 1s stated to be found in Australia, from which country Mueller has described four species—viz., P. qustralis, Fragm. Phyt. Aust. vol. i. p. 42, from Lady Elliot's Islands ; P. leucophaus, le. vol. iv. p. 163, from Rockingham Bay ; P. grandifolius,

* Dr. Reichenbach obligingly informs me that he has t oe pra as : three of the species here below mentioned. 1. P. grandifolius ; pase petals acute, tip of lip notched, spur short thick. 2. P, Blumet “a ree ses petals acuminate, tip of lip acute, spur short thick. iciee’ setpared Tes te longer, slender. He adds that they might be regarded as subspecies.

MAY lst, 1873.

from various warm parts of the East Coast; and a P. Carront. Of these he says, P. australis and leucopheus have to be further compared with P. grandifolius, Lour. ; implying that the two former are not satisfactorily established. Judging from the published figures of P. grandifolius (Tab. nost. 1924, Bletia Tankervillie), and of P. bicolor, Lindl. (Tab. nost. 4078), I should not be surprised if these, together with the Australian species and P. Blumei, proved to be all varieties of one plant, differing in the length of the spur; and of which P. Wallichii, Wall. (Pl. As. Rar. t. 158) is a form, with a narrower mid-lobe to the lip. In this case the species would have a wide dis- tribution, from Ceylon and China through the Malay to the ' Pacific Islands. P. Blumei, var. Bernaysii, whether a species or variety, differs from all the above in the sulphur-coloured inner sur- face of the petals, sepals, and lip; its tending to a triandrous column, which it shares with P. Blumez, is rather an abnormal condition of that organ than a specific character. The spur is shorter than in the figure of grandifolius quoted above. P. veratrifolius, Lindl., of Silhet, is stated to be yellow flowered, and Blume describes a P. flavus from Java, so the colour is not peculiar to P. Bernaysii. This beautiful plant was communicated from the stoves of Messrs. Veitch, with whom it flowered early in the present year. It was named Berzaysii by Dr. Rowland, in compli- ment to A. Bernays, Esq., one of the most active promoters of the Acclimatization Society of its native country, Queens- land, and a valued correspondent of Kew. _Descr. Pseudo-bulé as large as a potato. Leaves one and a half to two feet long, similar to those of P. grandifolius. Flowering-stem and spike nearly three feet high, the latter many-flowered ; flowers crowded, four inches in diameter, nearly white externally, sulphur-yellow within. Sepals and © petals lanceolate, acuminate. Lip about as long as the petals ; convolute portion sulphur yellow; lateral lobes rounded, very short-waved, terminal white, nearly orbicular, apiculate, margin slightly recurved, waved, yellow on the disk, white towards the margin ; spur one quarter the length of the lip,

conical, curved. Column pubescent on the front and back, as is the anther.—J/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Column; 2, lip :—both magnified.

6033

Vincent Brooks Day & Son ump

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ees

Tas. 6033. XIPHION HISTRIO.

Native of Mount Lebanon.

Nat. Ord. Irtpacex.—Tribe Irie».

Genus Xipuion, Tourn. ; (Tab. nost. 5890).

4

Xrenion Histrio; vaginis membranaceis ima. basi demum reticulatis, foliis pedalibus basi vaginis 3~5-pollicaribus elongatis albis tectis anguste subulatis tetraquetris flores longe superantibus, spathis membranaceis angustis elongatis apice obtusis, perianthii tubo gracillimo 3-pollicari, Segmentis exterioribus obovato-spathulatis ultra medium horizontaliter patentibus ceruleis, margines versus plagis saturate violaceis maculatis disco aureo purpureo-venoso, interioribus erectis exterioribus paulo brevioribus longe unguiculatis anguste oblongo-lanceolatis apice obtusis integris azureis, stigmatis segmentis apice remotis erectis dimidiato- oblongis subacutis margine exteriore obtuse crenato.

Irts Histrio, Reichenb. f. in. Bot. Zeit. 1872, p. 488. Iris Libani, Reuter mss.

I received plants of this beautiful species in a fresh state and in full flower, from Mr. Berberey of La Ferriere, near Geneva, early in March last, with his own and M. Boissier’s

request that it should be figured in the Botanical Magazine.

Mr. Berberey further has had the goodness to inform me that it is the Tris Libani of his late lamented friend, M. Reuter's Mss., and was sent about ten years ago to M. Boissier by M. Gaillardot, who found it on Mount Lebanon and on Mount Gerizim, in Palestine; as also that its nearest ally is X. reti- culatum, M. Bieb. (Tab. nost. 5577, sub. Zris), from which it differs not only in structural characters, but in its paler colour,

_4n flowering fully six weeks earlier, and in being inodorous.

A comparison with X. reficw/atum shows that this is further

abundantly different, in its much smaller size, copious finely-

reticulated sheaths of the corm, much fewer shorter broader

stout leaves often not exceeding the scape, broader spathes MaY Ist, 1873.

and differently shaped inner perianth-segments, which are notched at the tip. It is a very beautiful plant, but whether hardy in this country remains to be proved; as a pot plant it cannot fail to be highly prized.

Descr. Tufted, slender, rather flaccid. Corm ovoid, the size of a wren’s egg, clothed with pale membranous shieaths, which are slightly reticulated in age. Sheaths of the scape and leaves (inner), three to five inches long, white, very mem- branous, obtuse or subacute, margins entire. Leaves a foot long, one-sixth of an inch in diameter, linear-subulate, acute, — acutely 4-angled, with a deep angular groove upon each face, dark green. Scape very slender, not half the length of the leaves, clothed with sheaths, of which the upper are acute. Spathes very membranous, narrow, acuminate, white, nearly equalling the perianth-tube. lower three inches in diameter. Perianth-tube three to four inches long, very slender, blue above ; outer segments obovate-spathulate, spreading but not reflexed above the middle, claw narrow, blue with dark purple rib and veins externally ; blade deep blue round the margins, fading to pale purple towards the faintly golden disk, which — is streaked with purple veins, blotched with dark blue on the uppermost third; inner segments shorter, paler, and more grey blue, erect, lanceolate-spathulate, margins quite entire. Stigmatic lobes half an inch long, spreading, rather distant above, dimidiate-ovate, acute, outer margins crenate, of the same colour as the inner perianth-segments. Ovary very narrow, ellipsoid.—/. D. 7.

Fig. 1, Section of leaf; 2, upper part of style and stigma :—both magnified.

amas reenact Ree es ee

W Bitch del etlith.

Vincent Brooks Day & Sonimp

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Tas. 6034,

ACRAN THUS ARACHNITIS.

Native of Madagascar.

Nat. Ord. Orcuipem.—Tribe VanvE&.

Genus Acrantuus, Lindl. ; (Gen. et Sp. Orchid., p. 2438).

Acrantuus arachnitis ; foliis loratis non undulatis, pedunculo capillari, vaginis internodiis brevioribus appressis, flore 2-poll. diam. toto virescente, perianthii segmentis e basi lata abrupte caudato-attenuatis subacutis, sepalo dorsali basi late ovata, lateralibus basi latioribus quam longis margine inferiore gibboso-producto apicibus deflexis, petalis sepalo dorsali consimilibus, labello recurvo e basi oblongo subquadrata in

- apicem triangularem caudato-acuminatum contracto, lateribus obscure unidentatis, calcare brevi sacciformi obtuso.

AcrANTHES arachnitis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub. t. 817.

Dexprosium arachnitis, Petit-Thouars, Hist. Orchid. Iles austral. d'Afrique, t. 88.

The curious genus Acranthus was founded by Lindley upon Dendrobium arachnitis of Petit-Thouars, and another species, brought by Forbes from Madagascar, and which he rightly distinguished as 4. grandiflora (see Bot Reg. 1.c.), together with the magnificent dagrecum sesquipedale, which [ need hardly add is not a congener. In his “Genera et Species Orchidearum,” however, he modifies this opinion, and refers Thouars’ plant with a doubt to his 4. grandiflura, saying, “ I formerly thought Du Petit-Thouars’ D. arachnitis distinct from this, but a better acquaintance with the habits of tro- pical Orchidex has now induced me to cancel that supposed species.” —There is, however, no question but that Lindley’s first opinion was correct, 4. grandifora differing not only in its greater size, but in the shorter, broader, undulate, more mem- branous leaves, the more numerous lax sheaths of the scape, that exceed the internodes, and the paler yellower green colour of the flower. 4. arachnitis has been long cultivated at Kew

maY Ist, 1873.

from specimens sent from the Botanic Garden of the Mauritius, procured no doubt from Madagascar. I find flowers of it in Lindley’s herbarium, obtained from Kew in 1852, and well described in Mss. I should add that he changed the name (possibly through inadvertence) from Acranthes in the Botanical Register to Acranthus in the ‘“ Genera et Species Orchidearum,” which latter spelling is retained in his Vege- table Kingdom, and hence adopted here. The plant here figured was sent to Kew by Mr. Horne of the Mauritius Garden.

Descr. Leaves equitant, five to eight inches long by three- quarters to one inch broad, ovate, recurved, keeled, not un- dulate, deeply very unequally obtusely 2-lobed at the tip, sheathing portion short, deep green above, paler beneath. Peduncle six inches long, very slender, 1-2-flowered at the apex, with four to six slender brown appressed sheaths which are shorter than the internodes. Mowers nearly two inches in diameter across the tips of the sepals, wholly yellow green, the tips of the perianth-segments, which are all caudate acu- minate, of a deeper yellow green. Dorsal sepal with a broadly ovate base; lateral much larger, deflexed, the very broad base produced into a gibbous lobe on the lower side. Petals similar to the dorsal sepal. Lip equalling the lateral sepals, recurved, base quadrate-oblong, abruptly terminating in a triangular caudate acuminate lobe, with a notch at its base on each side, disk slightly pubescent, basal angles some-

what recurved ; spura very short inflated oblong obtuse sac.— J.D. H.

Fig. 1, Side view of base of column, spur, and lip; 2, front view of column and spur; 3, lip:—all magnified.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son, up

Tas. 6035, HYPOXIS LONGIFOLIA.

Native of Algoa Bay.

Nat. Ord. HypoxIpEa&.

Genus Hypoxis, Linn, ; (Endl. Gen. Plant., p. 174). .

. Hyroxts longifolia ; perennis, foliis basi membranaceis sublonge vaginantibus

longissimis gramineis 2-pedalibus vix }-poll. latis flaccidis acuminatis, supra concavis, subtus semicylindricis ecarinatis, marginibus et dorso parcissime pilosis obscure 7—9-nerviis, scapo radicali foliis multoties breviore ancipiti inferne glaberrimo superne una cum ovario et perianthio pilis elongatis appressis molliter villosis, umbella 2—4-flore, bracteis setaceis pedicellis brevioribus, ovario turbinato, perianthii aurei 14-poll. diam. segmentis subvalvatis, exterioribus lanceolatis acutis extus viridibus, interioribus paulo latioribus carina’ tantum pubescente, staminibus epigynis, filamentis antheris ovato-cordatis xquilongis, stylo brevi, stigmate conico obtuso, capsula apice tantum dehiscente, seminibus globosis atris.

Hyroxis longifolia, Baker mss.

A very distinct species of Hypozis, brought by Mr. Cooper from Algoa Bay when collecting for W. Wilson Saunders, Esq., remarkable for the great length of its narrow, flaccid, grass-like leaves. A very similar and probably identical plant is contained in the Hookerian Herbarium, gathered by Burke at the Fat river—a stream I do not find in the maps ; it differs a little in the longer and broader membranous leat- sheaths and longer filiform bracts, but seems to be otherwise identical. Mr. Baker, who carefully examined and named H. longifolia, regards it as being most nearly allied to the N. American H. erecta (Tab. nost. 701), which is a much smaller plant, with shorter, broader leaves, differently shaped anther, and a subcapitate 3-lobed stigma. Our plant flowered in the Royal Gardens, August, 1871. ;

Dnscr. Stems tufted, covered up the neck with a few withered remains of old leaves. eaves numerous, the outer

MAY Ist, 1873.

two feet long, spreading on the ground; the inner sheath suberect ; sheath broad, membranous, two to four inches long; | blade grass-like, very slender, scarcely a quarter of an inch in diameter, flaccid, bright green, with a few scattered hairs on the margins and keel, back semicylindric, face concave, nerves five to seven, obscure. Scapes several, much shorter than the leaves, glabrous below the upper part as well as the flowers densely villous with long silky hairs. Uméel 4—5-flowered, bracts very slender, tiliform, subulate, shorter than the flowering pedicels, which are one half to three quarters of an inch long. Ovary turbinate. Perianth one and a half inches in diameter, golden yellow within, outer segments lanceolate, subacute, green and villous at the back ; -inner rather broader, with a dorsal green villous midrib. Stamens epigynous, very small, filaments short, subulate, as long as the ovate-cordate small short anthers. S%yle shortly columnar from a conical base, stigma conic obtuse undivided. Capsule opening at the top only. Seeds several in each cell, globose, testa black, punctulate—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Ovary, style and stigma; 2, transverse section of ditto; 3, seed :— all magnified.

6036

5 a ® a < 3 ts =

Vincent Brooke Day &Son imp

TAB. 6036. CROCUS SIEBERI.

Native of Greece.

Nat. Ord. Inrpex.—Tribe Ixrex.

Genus Crocus, Tourn. ; (Klatt in Linnea, vol. xxxiv. p. 647).

Crocus Siebert ; cormi tunicis validis fortiter reticulatis, vaginis subacutis, foliis 4—7-latiusculis costa nervata canaliculis enervibus, involucro 0, perianthii tubo pallido, fauce aureo, segmentis violaceis lilacinis v. albis purpureo striatis elliptico-oblongis obtusis, filamentis brevibus flavis infra faucem insertis, antheris aureis filamento duplo longioribus, stig- matibus croceis integris.

Crocus Sieberi, Gay in Bull. Feruss., vol. XXXv- P- 220 (1831). |

C. nivalis, Bory et Chaub. Voyage de la Morée (1832); Herbert in Bot. Reg. 1847, t. 4, f. 1, et Hist. Sp. Crocus in Journ. .Hort. Soc., vol, i. p. 274 (1847); Klatt in Linnea, vol. xxxiv. p. 682. ,

_C. sublimis, Herbert in Bot. Reg. 1845, Miscell., p. 73.

C. vernus, Sibth. & Sm. Prodr. Flor. Grec., vol. i. p. 24 ewel. synon.

A common Greek plant, and, in fact, the commonest Crocus of that country, found at an elevation between 1000 and 7000 feet, according to Professor Orphanides ; also occurring in Bosnia, Crete, and Herzegovina, flowering fre- quently near the melting snow. Tt is a very early blooming species, and I received flowering specimens from Giles Mumby, Esq., Messrs. Ware of Tottenham, and the Roy al Gardens, all about the middle of January and beginning of April. The very closely allied C. veluchensis of Herbert, which inhabits the Morea and Transylvania, differs chiefly in wanting the orange colour on the throat. oa

Klatt is no doubt in error in describing the scape as in- volucrate. It is not so easy to understand Herbert's reason for considering Gay’s Siederi as different from Bory’s mvalis, if we suppose, what seems improbable, that these authors

MAY Ist, 1873.

made use of the same terms to designate the various series of sheaths of the lower leaves and scape, which terms, as used by Herbert, are anything but intelligible. Herbert further alters Sieberi of Gay into Sieberianus, in accordance with his own views of specific nomenclature. Bory figures the three stigmas as of unequal length and slightly lobed, which is not the case in our specimens.

Duscr. Corm the size of a hazel-nut, clothed with a stout longitudinally reticulate brown tunic (not well represented in the plate). Leaves four to seven, rather broad, produced with the flowers, shorter than the flowering scape, nerves very faint, midrib stout. Perianth without an involucre (involucrate according to Klatt); tube slender, pale ; throat golden yel- low; limb two to two and a half inches in diameter, segments elliptic-oblong, obtuse, pale or dark violet-blue, or white with pale violet-blue streaks. Filaments shorter than the linear golden anthers. Stigmas deep orange yellow, quite entire, exceeding the stamens. “ Capsule naked, purple towards the top. Seeds small, subangled, glabrous, pale brown.” Her- bert—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Reticulated fibres of the tunic; 2 and 3, stigmas :—both magnijied.

ZZ, March 1st, 1873. a i acca oh ts

RANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD, IPSWICH.

ANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD are the oldest manufacturers of Lawn B Mowers, their experience in these Machines extending over more than thirty years. oa The Automaton Lawn Mowers were brought out in 1867 from entirely new designs “ patterns, embodying the latest improvements suggested by long and varied experience.

rom the universal approbation they have met with, R. 5. & H. can recommend them with the greatest confidence.

b Machine-made Gearing is adopted for communicating motion to the knives, being the est and simplest plan far superior to chains or other methods ; not liable to get out of order.

The Cutting Barrels are fitted with the best knives, of rolled steel and iron combined. The steel forms the cutting edge and the iron at the back wears away faster than the steel edge, thus maintaining a sharp cutting edge much longer than when the knives are entirely of steel, or steel both front and back. The pivots and bearings are of hardened steel, so that these important parts will last several seasons without requiring repair.

_ _No Ribs in the Grass are left by these Machines, but a beautiful flat uniform surface is obtained, giving the lawn a carpet-like appearance, very far superior to any work which can be done with a scythe and at a much less cost.

All the Grass 1s Collected by these Machines thus obviating the necessity of sweeping the Jawn after it 1s cut. ;

If desired the Cut Grass can be Left on the Lawn by simply removing the box in front of the Machine, thus combining the advantages of both the systems of lawn mowing before the public.

THEY ARE EXTREMELY SIMPLE, VERY DURABLE, LICHT IN DRAUCHT, AND NOT LIABLE TO CET OUT OF ORDER.

MORE THAN 7,000 AUTOMATON LAWN MOWERS ARE GIVIN G THE ty REATERE. SATI SFACTION.

Testimonials from 35 English Counties given on the inside pages. lway Stations in England.

Prices, including Free Delivery to the Principal Rai

8-inch, suitable for ve : 510 0 eld teeta ry small Lawns £2 inch, to be used by a Man... £5 1 1o-inch, suitable for a Lady Penenne 3 = 4 epee: a i ee ia 610 0 12-inch, = Lad... 32 4210 O01} iSinch to be use hd a Man 710 O 20-inch y 8 00

Packing Cases, 6s, extra. | These Cases are most convenient for keeping t he Machines in during the Winter.)

Full prices allowed for Cases if returned. A New Horse-Power Machine, with draft-bar complete, 36-inch, suitable for a Horse or Pony «= ~ #24

rm their work

» SIMS & HEAD achines to perfo guarantee these M 1 ithi wh.

Perfectly, and ifnot approved of, they may be returned, carriage-paid, [over Laas :

as whilst almost noiseless, it is

REPORTS FROM THIRTY-FIVE COUNTIES

ON THE

“AUTOMATON LAWN MOWER.”

1—BEDFORDSHIRE.—From Mr. W. R. Southam, Dunstable.—Your Automaton Lawn Mower gives great satisfaction, and does its work remarkably well.

2.—BERKSHIRE—From Mr. J. Holden, Crown Nursery, Reading.—The Automaton Lawn Mower gives satisfaction to myself and the gentleman who has bought it. I will thank you to send me another 10-inch Machine immediately.

38.—BUCKS.—From Mr. W. Grimsdell, High Wycombe.—Mr. Grimsdell is very much pleased with the 16-in. Automaton Lawn Mower. 4.-CAMBRIDGESHIRE.—From the Rev. Edwd. J. Routh, M.A., Newnham —I have great pleasure in stating that the Automaton Lawn Mower I purchased from you a year ago gives me com- plete satisfaction m every way. It works well and smoothly, and does not get out of order. CAMBRIDGESHIRE—John Symonds, Esq., Dotterel Hall, Balsham, has used one of Ransomes, Sims & Head’s Automaton Lawn Mowers for 4 years, and has much pleasure in saying that he can recommend it with confidence. _CAMBRIDGESHIRE.—From G. F. Jos- ling, Esq., Great Thurlow Hall, nr. New- market.— Having used Messrs. Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn Mower two seasons, I have pleasure in stating that Iam perfectly satisfied with it in every way, and consider it a very useful machine, being both strong and light in draught. CAMBRIDGESHIRE.—From Edwd. P. Frost, Esq., West Wratting Hall.—I have pleasure in stating that the Automaton Lawn Mower with which you supplied me, works very satisfactorily. 5.—CARNARVONSHIRE.—From Lt.-Col. Williams, Bangor.—Liecut.-Col. Williams begs to inform Messrs. R. §. & H. that the Automaton Lawn Mower arrived safely, and has been in daily use this week, working to his entire satisfaction. 6.-CHESHTRE.—From Mr. John Down- ward, Hampton Hall, Malpas.—I have had an Automaton Lawn Mower in constant work for a twelvemonth, and consider it a good and efficient implement.

7-~DERBYSHIRE.—From Mr. C. Benns, Clay Cress, Chesterfield —The Automaton Lawn Mower you sent me answers very well; indeed it is the only one I have had which does not require more power to work it than is advertised.

8.—DEVONSHIRE.—From Mr. W. James, Ringmore House, Teignmouth.—My gar- dener informs me that the Automaton Lawn Mower with which a Supplicd me last summer, works admirably and quite to his satisfaction in all respects,

9.-DORSETSHIRE—From Mr. C. Beale, areham.—Be good enough to send off immediately

a 14-inch Automaton Lawn Mower. The one you sent does its work in a first-rate style. 10._DURHAM.—From Mr. Thos. Hall, Tat- field House, Washington.—The Automaton Lawn Mower purchased last season has given me good = I shall have no hesitation in recommend- it. 11—ESSEX.—From E. C. Javal, Esq. Ran- cliffe House, East Ham.—I have sat plea-

_ Sure in expressing the satisfaction given to me by the Automaton Lawn Mower supplied by you in the year

1869. I may add that it is now as efficient as when I received it from you.

ESSEX.—From T. Eglinton A. Gwynne

ry = ’

Esq.,J-P., F.8.A., &c., Cliff House, Dover-

court.—I have much pleasure in stating that the

Automaton Lawn Mower obtained from your establish-

ment works very satisfactorily. It does its work in a

superior and rapid manner, and my gardeners express themselves much pleased with it.

ESSEX.—From the Rev. Perey Smith, Pattiswick Rectory, Braintree.—I have now given your Automaton Lawn Mower trial of full a year, and it has more than exceeded my expectations. It has never been out of order ; and it performs its work ex Peditiously and efficiently. My gardener, an intelligent

man, who knows well its make and performance, is much pleased with the machine, and has never regretted, abandoning the scythe for it.

ESSEX.—From Mr. J. Douglas, Gardener toF. Witbourn, Hsq., Loxford Hall, Iiford. —I have muck pleasure in bearing testimony to the excellence of your Automaton Lawn Mower. It is remarkably easy to work, the arrangement for setting the knives is most simple, and the machine itself is not liable to get out of order. It is the most efficient Lawn Mower I have ever used.

ESSEX.—From E. Mead, Esq., South House, Great Waltham, Chelmsford.—The Automaton Lawn Mower is a first-class Machine. I am very pleased with its work. I have used it when the grass is wet, as well as when hard and dry, and see no difference in its work, which cannot be said of any others.

ESSEX.--From Mr. H. Harrison, Gardener to W. H. Dunnett, Esq., Dedham.—Now the mowing season is past, I beg to testify to you my satisfac- tion with the 36-inch and 20-inch Automaton Lawn Mowers I got from you last May; I have used the 36-inch Machine with a small pony, on a very sloping piece of grass, with perfect ease and ithas done its work in amost oom and satisfactory manner. Of the 20-inch hand

achine, enough cannot be said in its praise; the easi- ness of draught, and the clean and perfect cut, are most satisfactory. Our lawn was sown with grass seed, so it was rather in a rough state when we commenced with your Machines, now it is allone can wish for I have great pleasure in recommending your 20-inch Lawn Mower for small places, as the best I have used.

12.-GLOUCESTERSHIRE.—From Mr. E. Bridges, Collonade, Cheltenham.--The aa maton Lawn Mower you sent me is one of the best have ever seen, and does its work admirably. I shall recommend these Machines wherever I can.

13.—HANTS—From R. H. Cooper, Esa» Stud Farm, Lymington.—The Automaton Lawn Mower has given great satisfaction. It cuts the grass well, works easily, and has never got out of order.

HANTS.—ISLE OF WIGHT.— From John Le Mesurin, Esq., Bimbridge.—I am glad to be able to report that your Automaton Lawn Mower works most satisfactorily. :

14._HERTFORD.—Mr. J. Cooper, Maiden- head Street.—I have great pleasure in saying, from what I have seen of your Automaton Lawn pig through my customers, that they really are very 52! at factory. 1 think I am right in saying I have ¥ 5 no complaint whatever. This fact will speak for their value, &c.

15.—HUNTS.—From A. Sperling, Bsa.J-P3 Lattenbury Hall, St. ives.—I have Ransomes’ small-size Automaton Lawn Mower several years, and I prefer it to other machines. a work well and easily, and the wear and tear

ight.

HUNTS.—From Mr. Jas. Bartram, Gar dener to J. Rust, Esq., Alconbury House” I have mueh pleasure in recommending your pegonrer aton Lawn Mower, having had one for two se we which for durability, freeness of cutting and con nience, has given me great satisfaction. i“

16.—KENT.—From A. Jackson, Esq, May: field Place, Orpington.—The Automaton; Mower is a first-rate one, and cannot be better. = Archimedian, just come out, will not go vie! ro it leaves the cut grass on the lawn, which has swept off afterwards.

ou in 1869, works quite to our satisfaction. we®

: experience that the grass ought to be mown th Leys state than when cut with the scythe; also ualities ought to be taken that there be no § pairs ok Se of ground, and no loose pebbles. These cau D presume, must be necessary in the use of bie Pe the mower. With a trifling attention to these ig cen 20 implement works extremely well. There has be breakage of any importance.

RANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD, ORWELL WORKS, IPSWICH.

Reports on the Automaton Lawn Mower, continued.

17.-LANCASHIRE.—From Mr. C. Rylance, Town Green, Aughton, Ormskirk.—The Automaton Lawn Mower came to hand safely, and gives satisfaction. I will take every opportunity of recom- mending your machines,

18.-LEICESTERSHIRE.—From E. Fisher, Esq., Market Harboro’.—The Ransomes’ 10-in, Lawn Mower works very well indeed.

19.-LINCOLNSHIRE.—From J, iL. Bell, ¥sq., Bourn.—I beg to bear testimony to the general good qualities, in addition to the material and manu- facture of your Automaton Lawn Mower. Ihave other machines, but in preference, always use yours, as none approach it for steady, uniform, clean cutting.

20.—MIDDLESEX.—From J.J. Arrow, Esa., Dalston.—I have much pleasure in informing you how excessively well your Automaton Lawn Mower works. I have had it constantly in use for the last two summers, and therefore can testify as to its good quali- ties, both as regards its use and durability, and have no hesitation in saying that it surpasses all others I have seen in working and simplicity MIDDLESEX.—From C. Ballance, Esq., Stanley House, Lower Clapton.—I have much pleasure in bearing testimony to the excellence of your Automaton Lawn Mower. I have had itin constant use for two years, and as yet it has needed no repairs, I am just commencing to use it for the third season.

21.—NORFOLK—From Mr. T. Williams, Gardener to R. Bagge, Esq., Gaywood Hail, King’s Lynn.—The Automaton Lawn Mower that we had of you gives me great satisfaction, and I have no hesitation in saying that it is the best machine I have ever used for easiness of draught and uniform surface. NORFOLK.—From W. M. Hazard, Esq., Harleston.—The 20-in. Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn Mower I purchased of you gives me perfect satisfaction, and I think it is in every respect a first-class machine, very simple and easy to work. 22.-_NORTHAMPT. ONSHIRE.—Rev.A. W. Annand, Roade Vicarage, Northampton.— The Rey. A. W. Annand, has much pleasure in stating that he has one of Messrs, Ransomes’ 14-in. Autom- aton Lawn Mowers in use for the last two years, and that during that time it has never been out of order, but has done its work entirely to his satisfaction.

23.-NORTHUMBERLAND.—From J. Gib- son, Esq., Roseworth Tower, Gosforth — My gardener has used Ransomes’ Automation Lawn Mower for nearly three years, and it has given entire Satisfaction

24.-NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.—-From Rev. C. H. Prance, Sutton Ashfield, Mansfield. >I am entirely satisfied with the Automaton Lawn Mower you sent me.

25—OXFORDSHIRE.—From Mrs. Brick- well, Overthorpe Lodge, Banbury.—Mrs. Brickwell has had two of Messrs. Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn Mowers in use for four years; they have done the work well, without requiring any repairs. OXFORDSHIRE.—From R. sai Esq., Elm Tree Villa, Cowley, Oxford.—'Thé 10-inch Automaton Lawn Mower I bought of you at the Oxford Show last year is everything that I can wish tok My young stable-boy can work it with the greatest 26.--SHROPSHIRE.—From Vice-Admiral F. Vere Cotton, Allport House, Whit- church.—I am much pleased with Messrs. Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn Mower, it is doing its work perfectly. 27.—SOMERSETSHIRE —From Mr. Henry arker, Mountlands, Taunton.—The Autom- aton Lawn Mower I bought of you last year works very well, and its construction is good. 28.—STAFFORDSHIRE.—From H. M. Mor- an, Esq., M.D., Lichfield.—After having used e Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn Mower the whole of last summer, Iam able to say it does its work efficiently, and has given me entire satisfaction. 29.—SUFFOLK.—_From L. P. Jeffs, Esq., ey bread.—The two Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn Mowers are the best machines I ever saw. They do their work beautifully, quite beyond my expectations,

SUFFOLK.—From J. R. Ansell, Esa., Kirton.—I have great pleasure in informing you that the Automaton Lawn Mower with which you supplied me in 1869 meets with my approval. I have never had

-any thing done to it, and it is now in first-class order.

SUFFOLK.—R. Porter, Esq., Rushmere, Ipswich.—I have much pleasure in stating that the Automaton Lawn Mowergives great satisfaction, work- ing very efficiently and being easily kept in order.

30.—SURREY.—From J. Powell, H9qs Field House, Lark Hall Rise,Clapham.—lammuch pleased with the Automaton Lawn Mower you supplied to me in 1869. It does its work very well, and has required no adjusting or sharpening during the whole period.

SURREY.—From RB. C. Bell, Esq., Kew.— My Automaton Lawn Mower has worked very well, but I find it goes easier without the box, and as the cuttings improve the grass, and have no slovenly appearance, I have left off using that appendage for some time.

SURREY.—From A. Neame, Esq., Court Lodge, Sutton.—The Automaton Lawn Mower you supplied to me in 1869 is apparently as good as when I first had it, after having been constantly used, and has not cost me one shilling to keep in order. I see no prospect of requiring another; should I do so, I should certainly purchase an Automaton.

31.-SUSSEX.—F rom B. H. Combe,#sq.,J.P., Oaklands, Westfield,near Battle.—I am v much pleased with the Automaton Lawn Mower; it works very well and easily.

32._W ARWICKSHIRE.—From E. Scriver, Esq., Wormleighton Hill, Leamington.— The 12-inch Automaton Lawn Mower I had from you in 1867 continues to do its work efficiently, and I con- sider it a most excellent and durable machine,

.—-WILTSHIRE.—From_ J. Ferris, Esq., oe ittle Wishford, near Salisbury.—I consider the Automaton Lawn Mower I purchased last year, a very useful machine. As it cuts the grass level and sonia clean work behind, and by so doing, saves manual labour. TSHIRE.--From Mr. Geo. Wilkin, Prt bo H. F. Talbot, Esq., Lacock Abbey. —After using the Automaton Lawn Mower for nearly three years, it has given me entire satisfaction; it performs its work quickly and well, and I like the gear much better than chains. I feel much pleasure in recommending it to my friends, which I can do with confidence. whee ba TSHIRE—From Mr. John Curnic, Nevherstrost Farm, Bromham, Devizes.— The Automaton Lawn Mower I bought in 1869, gives me great satisfaction; it works easily, does its work well, and has greatly improved my lawn. ~ TER.—From Messrs. Clunes 34 swe have tried one of your Automaton Lawn Mowers, and are pleased to say that it works very satisfactorily. ~ 7 tipthe tobias — KSHIRE—From J. e Robin- a0 ee. , Westwood, Beverley.—I —— to inform you that the Automaton Lawn vtetod which I purchased of you in 1869 answers exceedingly well: [like it very much. It has never given way in any ‘part, and does it work just as well as when it was new, although it has been constantly used. Some os lawn mowers are frequently getting out of order, an are the subject of continual complaint.

JER _—From James Levesque, Esq., Guat: the 18-inch Automaton Lawn Mower ou sent here gives the highest satisfaction ; and al- though in full work for two seasons, has cost nothing for repairs, and is now as good as when first bought.

ND.—From W. P. Urquhart, Esq., MP Castle Pollard, Co. Westmeath—I am happy to add my testimony, if it can be of any service to you, in favour of the efficiency of your Automaton Lawn Mower, one of which you supplied to me in 1869, It has been in constant use, has never got out of order, and has accomplished the task of keeping a lawn smooth which was not in a very promising condition.

RANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD,

ORWELL WORKS, IPSWICH.

ENLARGED DRAWING OF THE FRONT PART OF THE “AUTOMATON” LAWN MOWER. |

Showing mode of Adjusting the Cutters to the Ledger Blade, and regulating | the cutting height from the ground. | B the adjustable arm which carries the revolving knives or cutters D D. C is the fixed ‘ledger’ or cutting | blade, against the front edge of which the knives D Dact. E and F are adjusting screws for accurately regulating the revolying knives D D to the fixed ledger blade ©. G are wooden rollers which support the front of the Machine and keep the knives and ledger blade just clear of the ground. These rollers are easily adjusted by screws Q, so as to regulate the cutting height from the ground. The revolving knives D D should just press lightly against the fixed ledger blade C, and this degree of nicety can be easily and exactly adjusted by means of the screws E and F. If, for instance, the knives do not quite touch the ledger blade C, slacken the nut E atrifle, and tighten the screw F. If, on the contrary, the cutters press too hard upon the blade C, then slacken the screw — F and tighten up the nut E. A leaf of a plant or shrub, ora slip of writing paper applied between the edges of the revolving knives D D and the edge of the ledger blade ©, will show when they cut properly by producing a clean cut, on the knives being made to revolve, and no more pressure or closeness ought to be given than 1s sufficient to produce this effect. Care should be taken never to overstrain the set screws, but they should be tight enough to ensure their not becoming loose of themselves.

__ When the knives require sharpening, take off the side wheel cover, then screw the small iron handles (sent with the Machine) into the arm of the outside toothed wheel, and turn this wheel rapidly backwards, first takin care that the frame is supported on each side by a brick or block of wood placed below the bearings of the main rollers. This rapid turning of the knives in a contrary direction to that which they revolve when in use, very soon sharpen both the knives and ledger blade, if at the same time oil 1s freely dropped upon them, and also some fine emery (nearly the finest made) carefully shaken upon the revolving knives, Adjust the knives upon — the ledger blade delicately, as the process of grinding goes on.

" — Instructions for using, keeping in order, and adjusting the Automaton Lawn Mower sent with every | achine. ;

NEWLY DESIGNED GARDEN ROLLERS.

Ransomes, Sims & HEAD can recommend these Rollers with the greatest confidence. They are of solid construction, and the best | workmanship, being designed rather for use than ornament. The bearing of the Roller is in the centre of the cylinder instead of at the ends, so that dirt is practically excluded.

These Rollers do not leave ribs in the grass or gravel, like the double rollers, and are much lower in price. As the axles do not project beyond the handles, the danger of injuring shrubs ane barking trees is avoided. .

PRICES.—16 in., 60/- 18in.,.70/- 20in., 80/- 22in., 90/- 24 in., 100) Including free delivery to the principal Railway Stations and Shipping Ports in England.

RANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD, ORWELL WORKS, IPSWICH.

ea

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6087

acosaenye secon ee

Tas. 6037. ODONTOGLOSSUM vexituariom.

Native of New Grenada.

Nat. Ord. OrcuipEm.—Tribe VAaNnDE&.

Genus Opontoaiossum, H. B. and K. ; (Lindl. Fol. Orchid., Odontoglossum).

OpontogLossum (Phalenopsoidea) vexillarium; pseudobulbis parvis anguste oblongis compressis, foliis pedalibus anguste elliptico-lanceolatis acumi- natis, scapo gracili 2—4-flore, floribus maximis roseo-suffusis, perianthio plano, marginibus foliolorum basique labelli albis, sepalis petalisque late obovato-oblongis obtusis acutis vy. subacutis, labello maximo orbiculari 2-lobo, ima basi in unguem brevem contracto, ungue hastato angulis in cornua acuta adscendentia productis, disco pauci-calloso, columna brevissima exalata.

Oponroctossum vexillarium, Reichb. f. in. Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1867, p- 901; 1872, p. 667 cum in Xylog.; 1873, p. 580, and 644, fig. 125.

The first notice of this plant, which is now deservedly the envy of every Orchid grower who does not possess it, ap- peared in the “ Gardeners’ Chronicle” of 1867, where, as we gather from our friend Professor Reichenbach, the interests of science are unfortunately sacrificed to the desire of the sole possessor of any useful information regarding its origin and country that these should be withheld from the public. In the volume for 1872, however, a full account of its intro- — duction, obtained from various growers, is given by Professor. Reichenbach, and from which I learn that the plant was overlooked by Warscewicz, discovered by the late lamented Bowman on the western slope of the Andes of New Grenada, and sent home alive, but in a dying state, first by Mr. Wallis, when collecting for Mr. Linden, and secondly by Mr. Roezl, also dead, and lastly, by Mr. Henry Chesterton, whose plants flowered with Messrs. Veitch, to whom I am indebted for the opportunity of now figuring it. Considering the worship now being paid to this Queen amongst Orchids, it would be

JUNE Ist, 1873,

’

superfluous to discuss its beauty, to which Mr. Fitch has | done no more than justice in the plate. Its resemblance to a Miltoma in flower is. very striking, and it adds another instance to the many existing of the difficulty there is in fixing the generic limits of epiphytic Orchids. The form of the sepals and labellum and their relative sizes vary exceed- ingly, and are very dissimilar from those figured in the Gardeners’ Chronicle (1873, fig. 123), also from Messrs. Veitch’s Orchid houses.

Descr. Pseudobulbs one and a half to two and a half inches long, narrow-oblong, compressed. Leaves six to twelve inches long, by one to one and a half inches broad, narrowly elliptic- lanceolate from a narrower sheathing base, acute, keeled, deep green above, paler beneath. Scapes several, some- times six from one pseudobulb, very slender, longer than the leaves, sheaths small, distant, appressed. Hacemes 3-4-flowered ; flowers on slender pedicels, bracts a quarter of an inch long. Flowers much the largest of the genus, very variable in size, the largest four inches long; perianth quite flat. Sepals subequal, obovate-oblong or obovate-cuneate, subacute or truncate, flat, rather recurved, very pale rose- coloured. Petals larger or smaller than the sepals, and of the same shape, but usually more acute, of a deep rose-colour, with a broad white margin. Lip quite flat, of one large, almost rounded 2-lobed limb, contracted into a claw at the base, and produced there into two ovate acute ascending bracts ; there is a small 2-lobed callus at the very base of the claw, close to the column, and three small ones at its distal end ; the lip is white, suffused with deep rose-colour on the disk of each half, and pale yellow streaked with red on the claw. Column very short indeed.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Base of lip and column :—magnified.

6038

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Tas. 6038.

LALIA J ONGHIANA.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. OrcuipE#.—Tribe EpIpENDREz.

Genus Lauia, Lindl. ; (Gen. et Sp. Orchid., p. 115).

Leta Jonghiana; rhizomate robusto radicibus crassis, pseudobulbis approximatis erectis compressis elliptico-oblongis tunica alba apice oblique truncata acuta latere fissa arcte indutis, folio solitario brevi lato elliptico-oblongo apice rotundato emarginato crapissime coriaceo saturate viridi, scapis 1—2-floris, floribus 4—44 poll. diametr., labelli apice albo excepto amethystinis, sepalis lineari-lanceolatis acutis, petalis late elliptico-oblongis obtusis, labelli lobis undulatis crispatis et erosis albis, disco carinis 7 aureis parallelis undulatis ante lobum medium abrupte terminatis ornato, columna elongata exalata, pollinia 8..

Latta Jonghiana, Reichb. f. and Libon in Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1872, p. 425 f 128.

According to Professor Reichenbach this very distinct and beautiful plant was discovered by M. Libon, an ill-fated young traveller, who fell a victim to his zeal in the Brazils, and after whom the pretty genus Zisonia was named ; and the intro- duction is due to Mr. de Jonghe of Brussels, an eminent cul- tivator, after whom it was named in accordance with M. Libon’s wishes. The specimen here figured was communi- cated by Messrs. Veitch, with whom it flowered in March of the present year.

In the sixth volume of Walper’s “Annales,” the genera Cattleya, Lelia, and Bletia are united by Dr. Reichenbach under the latter name: I prefer to follow his practice in separating at any rate the membranous plaited leaved species of Blefia proper, from the coriaceous-leaved Catileyas and Lelias—though, as between Pleione and Celogyne, the difference is not always easy to support. .

Drscr. Rhizome very stout, creeping, with remarkably thick root-fibres. Pseudobulbs one and a half to two and a JUNE Ist, 1873.

half inches long, approximate, narrow ovate-oblong, com- pressed, green, clothed with a white membranous appressed sheath, that ends in a short point, and is usually split on one side; a short outer boat-shaped sheath also envelops the base of the pseudobulb. Leaf sessile, short, three to five inches long by one and a half to one and three-quarters of an inch broad, broadly oblong, tip rounded (rarely acuminate, accord- ing to Mr. Liiddemann), or emarginate, very coriaceous, indeed, deep bright green and shining. Scape stout, much shorter than the leaf, 1-2-flowered. Mower four inches in diameter across the petals, which, as well as the sepals and convolute body of the lip, are of a bright amethyst colour. Sepals \inear-lanceolate, acute. Petals larger and broader than the petals, broadly elliptic-oblong, obtuse. Lip convo- lute ; lateral lobes very shallow, and, as well as the short emarginate midlobe, white with crisped and waved minutely toothed margins; disk of the body of the lip white, with | seven parallel, slender undulate, golden-yellow ridges, which are not prolonged on to the midlobe. Column slender, not winged. Pollen masses eight.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Column ; 2, lip spread open; 8 and 4, front and back view of pollen- masses :—all magnified.

6059

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Tas. 6039. BEGON IA HERBACEA.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. BEGONIACEA.

Genus Begonia, Linn. ; (A. DC. Prodr., vol. xv. pt. 1, p. 278).

Brconta (Trachelocarpus) herbacea; rhizomate crasso repente apice folioso, foliis subsessilibus v. petiolatis confertis elongato-oblanceolatis acumi- natis irregulariter denticulato-serratis viridibas basi contractis obtusis v. in petiolum angustatis, stipulis ovatis pectinato-ciliatis, floribus masculis ad apicem scapi elongati umbellatis, bracteis 2 oppositis con- cavis ciliatis, sepalis 2, petalis 0, femineis axillaribus sessilibus— 3-sepalis, petalis 0, ovario lagenzformi, stigmatibus reniformibus apicibus brevibus tortis.

Beconta herbacea; Vellozo Flor. Flum., vol. x. t. 533 A. DC. Prodr., vol. xv. p. 388. ‘

B. attenuata, Masters in Gard. Chron., 1873, p. 679, fig. 129 (not of A. DC.)

This singular species of Begonia belongs to a small and very little known Brazilian section of the genus, of which there are three supposed species, all very imperfectly de- scribed. They differ from their congeners in the moncecious inflorescence, on which the male flowers are raised on long scapes, and the females are sessile in the axils of the leaves. The species here figured is a native of Rio de Janeiro, and is published in the ‘Flora Fluminensis,” a work equally remarkable for its pretentious character and the badness of its execution. The figure it gives of our plant forms no exception to this, omitting as it does the stipules, bracts, female flowers and all analysis, but being in other respects identical and very characteristic as to habit, I have no hesita- tion in assuming it to be the plant before me, and hence in adopting Vellozo’s name. It is very probable that the other species of the section, B. rhizocarpa, Fischer, and B. attenuata, A. DC., may prove varieties of it, the former differimg in the

JUNE Ist, 1873. :

white-spotted leaves with fewer nerves and shorter male peduncles, and the latter in the fewer nerves, 2-flowered short male peduncles, and long petioles.

Begonia attenuata has long been cultivated at Kew, where it was received from the Botanical Gardens of Berlin; it has also been sent to me for determination by Mr. Burbidge from the Manchester Botanic Gardens. It flowers freely in the month of March.

Drscr. Rhizome as thick as the little finger, creeping, cylin- dric, clothed with root fibres and persistent stipules. Leaves tufted at the end of the rhizome, four to six inches long, sessile or petioled, oblanceolate, acuminate, margin serrulate and obscurely lobed, quite glabrous, concolorous, pale green, nerves oblique, seven to eight on each side, base obtuse or ©

acute; petiole naked or winged, the wings undulate. Sfi- pules broadly ovate, pectinate-ciliate. Scape of male flowers rather shorter than the leaves, slender, terete, erect, 4—6-flowered ; bracts orbicular, concave, pectinate-ciliate. Male flowers half to three quarters inch in diameter, um- belled, pedicels a quarter of an inch long. Sepals two, orbicular-ovate, obtuse, white Anthers in a globose stipitate head, cuneate, obtuse. Female flowers sessile in the axils of the leaves. Ovary turbinate from an obtuse base, contracted above into a beak one-third of an inch long, trigonous, angles winged, wings obscurely toothed or lobed. Sepals three, nearly orbicular, white. Style short, arms three, with reni- form’ broad stigmas, the corners of which have twisted appendages. Placentas entire—J. D. H.

Fig 1, Leaf: natural size; 2, stamens; 3 and 4, anthers; 5, ovary; 6, transverse section of ovary :—all magnified.

6040

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Tas. 6040. GREYIA SUTHERLANDI. Native of Natal.

Nat. Ord. Saprnpace®.—Sub-order MELIANTHE.

Genus Grevia, Hook. and Harv. ; (Benth. § Hook.f. Gen. P1., vol.i. p. 100).

Greyia Sutherlandi ; Hook. and Harv. in Harvey Thesaurus Capensis, t. 1. Harvey and Sonder Flor. Cap., vol. ii. p. 308; Harvey Gen. S. African Plants., ed. 2, p- 62.

This singular and beautiful plant, which was raised by Dr. Moore from seed introduced into the Glassnevin Gardens’ about the year 1859, has been so extensively distributed both by himself and from Kew, that it is now one of the commonest plants in European Botanic Gardens. Singularly enough, though growing very freely and even luxuriantly in our green- houses, it had never flowered in Europe, except (I believe) in the south of France, till March of the present year, when a small plant in a 6-inch pot, in the Chelsea Botanic Gardens, having been starved for the purpose, threw off all its leaves, and put forth instead a raceme of coral-like buds, which the curator, Mr. Thomas Moore, was good enough to communt- cate to me for figuring in the Botanical Magazine. ‘This, though much inferior as to its inflorescence to the wild specimens (which bear upwards of 100 flowers in racemes pete to three inches in diameter) is so characteristic, that I gladly take the opportunity of figuring it.

Greyia Sutherld adi rage a eat tree at Port Natal, described by its discoverer, Dr. Sutherland, the Surveyor- General of the colony and an ardent naturalist, as growing n clefts of much exposed headlands, at elevations of 2000 to 6000 feet, in the Drakenburg mountains, and flowering in August and September (early spring). It was named after Sir George Grey, K.C.B., Governor-General of the Cape Colony at the time of its discovery.

JUNE Ist, 1873.

The affinities of Greyia are not at first obvious, and are still disputed. Dr. Harvey referred it doubtfully to Saz- fragee, and I unhesitatingly to the suborder Melianthee of Sapindacee, a position which my friend did not accept, on the ground that it differs from Sapindacee “ in its 1-celled ovary, parietal placentas, indefinite and very numerous ovules, copiously albuminous seeds, and minute straight embryo.” (See Gen. S. Afric. Pl. ed. 2, p. 62). But the ovary is 5-celled, and the placentas axile, whilst all the other cha- racters noted above as discrepant, actually accord precisely with those of Melianthee, to which the curious thick branches, unequal stamens, and membranous almost follicular capsule further ally it, and leave no doubt in my mind of its true relationship with that order. The figure here given is taken from dried specimens in part. Professor Oliver has remarked upon native specimens recently received from Mr. Cooper, that the petiole, in falling away, carries with it the old cuticle of the bark from a considerable portion of the branch.

Descr. A small tree, with thick naked branches, covered with a yellowish brown bark. Leaves clustered at the ends of the branches, spreading, petioled, two to three inches long, orbi- cular ovate or oblong, deeply cordate at the base, margins lobu- late and toothed, glabrous, minutely glandular, veins spreading, deep green above, paler beneath; petiole three-quarters to | one inch long, dilated at the base. Racemes terminal, four to six inches long, subcylindric, two to three inches in diameter, very many-flowered; bracts lanceolate; pedicels glabrous, one-half to three-quarters of an inch long. owers drooping, densely imbricating downwards, subglobose, about half an inch in diameter. Calya hemispheric, green, with tive broad rounded erect lobes. Petals five, subequal, much longer than the calyx, orbicular, concave, glossy, scarlet, fleshy and shining. Disé cupular, with ten marginal teeth, each crowned with a peltate gland. Stamens ten, subregular, hypogynous, filaments curved, slender, red, exserted; anthers short, dark red-purple. Ovary elongate-ovoid, laterally 5-lobed, 5-celled, narrowed into a subulate style with a punc- tiform stigma; ovules numerous, biseriate in the inner angle of the cells. rwit capsular, septicidally 5-valved, mem- branous, many-seeded. Seeds albuminous, embryo minute.

oe 0. H..

Fig, 1, Flower; 2, the same with the calyx and petals removed; 3, por- tion of disk and glands; 4, ovary; 5, transverse section of ditto; 6, capsule :—all but fig. 6 magnified.

6041.

— spanecea s ek cpaeiearte i — ve

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Tas. 6041.

LINARIA HETEROPHYLLA.

Native of Maroceo.

Nat. Ord. ScropHULARINER.—Tribe ANTIRRHINEA.

Genus Lrnaria, Linn, ; (Benth. in DC. Prodr., vol. x. p. 265).

-

Linaria (Linariastrum) heterophylla; annua, caule erecto gracili preter ramoso superne et inflorescentia glanduloso-puberulis, foliis alternis linearibus obtusis laxis, floribus breviter pedicellatis dense confertis pallide stramineis, bracteis parvis oblongis pedicellis brevioribus, calyce parvo segmentis linearibus erectis, corolla pollicari caliare recto subu- lato tubo wquilongo, labio superiore recto elongato alte bifido, labii inferioris lobo medio perbrevi lateralibus deflexis breviore, palato valde prominente, capsula brevi compressa calycem vix excedente, stylo 2-fido, seminibus minutis, curvis obtuse trigonis transverse sulcatis,

Lrvarta heterophylla, Desfont. Fl. Atlant., vol. ii. p. 48, t. 140.

L. reticulata, Reichb. Iconogr., t. 431; non Desf.

L. stricta, Guss, Pl. Rar. Sic., p. 250.

L. aparinoides, Chav. Monog., p. 188; Benth. in DC. Prodr., vol. vii. p. 275.

ANTIRRHINUM aparinoides, Willd. Sp. Pl., vol. iii. p. 247.

A. strictum, Sm. et Sibth., Flor. Gree., vol. vi. p. 75, t. 594.

A. multicaule, Ten. Fl. Nap. Prodr., p. 86 non Linn.

A

A tall branching annual, not uncommon in fields at the foot of the Greater Atlas, and at Casa-blanca on the west (Atlantic) coast of Marocco, a country which, as remarked under the beautiful Z. maroccana (Tab. nost. 5983), abounds in species of this genus. Though resembling a good deal at first sight the English Z. vulgaris, it differs conspicuously in the pale flowers, small bracts, very prominent palate, remark- ably long straight deeply 2-lobed upper lip of the corolla, in the very short midlobe of the lower lip, and the small capsule not exceeding the calyx; it is further an annual, and of a more branching habit ; the seeds, also, are wholly different, not, as erroneously figured by the artist in

_ JUNE Ist, 1873.

our plate, discoid with an orbicular wing, but minute trigonous and deeply transversely grooved. |

L. pallidifora was raised from seed brought by Mr. Maw and myself from Marocco in 1871, and flowered in July of the following year. It is a native of Sicily and Cyprus, but was discovered by Desfontaines in North Africa, and described and figured by him as ZL. heterophylla in 1798. Willdenow, in 1800, referring all Linarias to Antirrhinum, in which there was already an JA. heterophyllum, altered the trivial name to apari- noides ; lastly, Chavin, in 1833, restored the plant to Linaria, but carelessly adopted Willdenow’s trivial name, in which he has been followed by subsequent authors. The L. tingitana of Bossier and Heldreich is a more robust variety, with broader leaves, which has been gathered by Mr. Ball and myself at Cape Spartel. The Mount Atlas specimens are much more slender than those found nearer the coast. The L. viscosa, Dum., of Spain, is probably another form.

Descr. A tall annual erect herb, two to three feet high, dark green, not glaucous, branching from the base, glabrous below, glandular-pubescent towards the tips of the branches and throughout the inflorescence. Leaves scattered, spreading, one to two inches long, narrow linear or acicular, obtuse, rarely narrowly elliptic, lanceolate, rather fleshy, 1-nerved. Racemes usually branched at the base, branches slender, not leafy, elongating much after flowering, conical in bud. Flowers densely packed, shortly pedicelled ; bracts oblong- Imear or subspathulate, obtuse, shorter than the pedicels, or equalling them, suberect, green. Calyx rather longer than the pedicel, one quarter to one third of an inch long; seg- ments linear-oblong or spathulate, obtuse, green, erect, not spreading, nearly equal. Corol/a, including the spur, an inch long, very pale straw-coloured, with a pale golden yellow patch; upper lip very long, erect, 2-lobed to the middle, keeled in front, the lobes obtuse reflected ; lower lip veined, side lobes deflected, midlobe very short, semicircular ; palate obtusely conical, 2-lobed; spur slender, very acute, quite ‘Straight, in a line with and as long as the neck of the corolla. Style 2-fid. Capsule very small, equalling the calyx, obtuse, compressed. Seeds minute, curved, black, deeply transversely grooved.—/J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower: magnified.—N.B. The figure of the fruit and seeds (fig. 3) should be cancelled. I suspect that they were taken from

ose (Tab. nost. 59838), which was collected along with LD. hetero- pryta,

ZZ, March Ist, 1873. No. 951.

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Testimonials from 35 English Counties given on the inside pages.

Prices, including Free Delivery to the Principal Railway Stations in England. 8-inch, suitable for very small Lawns £2 15 O 14-inch, to be used bya Man... £510 O

| 40-inch, suitable fora Lady ... .... 310 O| 16-inch d by a Man and re

12-inch, i Lad. °5 oe € 10°70 | 18k oe in 4 wd ° 20-inch . ,

Packing Cases, 6s. extra. These Cases are most convenient for keeping the Machines in SS

Full prices allowed for Cases if returned. : A New Horse-Power Machine, with draft-bar complete, 36-inch, suitable for am: 8 pores OF Pony |... = vac .

RANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD guarantee these Machines to perform their work

_ Perfectly, and ifnot approved of, they may be returned, carriage-paid, within a month.

fover.

rk which can

REPORTS FROM THIRTY-FIVE COUNTIES -

ON THE

“AUTOMATON LAWN MOWER.”

1.—BEDFORDSHIRE.—From Mr. W. RB. Southam, Dunstable.—Your Automaton Lawn Mower gives great satisfaction, and does its work

remarkably well. Holden,

2.—BERKSHIRE-From Mr. J.

Crown Nursery, Reading.—The Automaton -

Lawn Mower gives satisfaction to myself and the gentleman who has bought it. I will thank you to send me another 10-inch Machine immediately. 3.—BUCKS.—From Mr. W. Grimsdell, High ‘Wycombe.—Mr. Grimsdell is very much pleased with the 16-in. Automaton Lawn Mower. 4.—CAMBRIDGESHIRE.—From the Rev. Edwd. J. Routh, M.A., Newnham —I have great pleasure in stating that the Automaton Lawn Mower I purchased from you a year ago gives me com- plete satisfaction m every way. It works well and smoothly, and does not get out of order. CAMBRIDGESHIRE.W—John Symonds, Esq., Dotterel Hall, Balsham, has used one of Ransomes, Sims & Head’s Automaton Lawn Mowers for 4 years, and has much pleasure in saying that he can recommend it with confidence. CAMBRIDGESHIRE.—From G. F. Jos- ling, Esq., Great Thurlow Hall, nr. New- market.— Having used Messrs. Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn Mower two seasons, I have pleasure in stating that Iam perfectly satisfied with it in every way, and consider it a very useful machine, being both strong and light in draught. CAMBRIDGESHIRE.—From Edwd. P. Frost, Esq., West Wratting Hall.—I have pleasure in stating that the Automaton Lawn Mower with which you supplied me, works very satisfactorily, 5—CARNARVON SHIRE.—From Lt.-Col. Williams, Bangor.—Lieut.-Col. Williams begs to inform Messrs. R. 8. & H. that the Automaton Lawn Mower arrived safely, and has been in daily use this week, working to his entire satisfaction. 6.—CHESHIRE.—From Mr. John Down- ward, Hampton Hall, Malpas.—I have had an Automaton Lawn Mower in constant work for a twelvemonth, and consider it a good and efficient implement. 7-~DERBYSHIRE.—From Mr. Cc. Benns, Clay Cress, Chesterfield.—The Automaton Lawn Mower you sent me answers very well ; indeed it

Beale, areham.—Be good enough to send off immediately The one you sent

sure in expressing the satisfaction given to me by the

received it from you.

ESSEX.—From T. Eglinton A. Gwynne Esq., J.P., F.8.A., &e., Clit House, Dover- court.—I have much pleasure in stating that the Automaton LawnMower I obtained from your establish- rae ——s pet satisfactorily. It does its work in a

rapid manner, and themselves much pleased with it. > Ons Press

ESSEX.—From the Rev. Per Smith, Pattiswick Rectory, iitainises. x have now given your Automaton Lawn Mower trial of full a P rand

never been out of order; and it performs its work ex. Peditiously and efficiently. My pc yadong an intelligent

RANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD, ORWELL WORKS, IPSWICH.

man, who knows well its make and performance, is much pleased with the machine, and has never regretted abandoning the scythe for it.

ESSEX.—From Mr. J. Douglas, Gardener toF. Witbourn, Esq., Loxford Hail, Ilford. —I have much pleasure in bearing testimony to the excellence of your Automaton Lawn Mower. It is remarkably easy to work, the arrangement for setting the knives is most simple, and the machine itself is not liable to get out of order. It is the most efficient Lawn Mower I have ever used,

ESSEX.—From HE. Mead, Es -, South House, Great Waltham, Chelmsford.—The Automaton Lawn Mower is a first-class Machine. I am very pleased with its work. I have used it when the grass is wet, as well as when hard and dry, and see no difference in its work, which cannot be said of any others.

ESSEX.--From Mr. H. Harrison, Gardener to W. H. Dunnett, Esq., Dedham.—Now the mowing season is past, I beg to testify to you my satisfac. tion with the 36-inch and 20-inch Antomaton Lawn Mowers I got from you last May; I have used the 36-inch Machine with a small pony, on a very sloping piece of grass, with perfect ease and it has done its work in a most he and satisfactory manner. Of the 20-inch hand

achine, enough cannot be said in its praise; the easi- ness of draught, and the clean and perfect cut, are most satisfactory. Our lawn was sown with grass seed, soit was rather in a rough state when we commenced with your Machines, now it is allone can wish for I have great pleasure in recommending your 20-inch Lawn Mower for small places, as the.best I have used.

12.-GLOUCESTERSHIRE.—From Mr. E. Bridges, Collonade, Cheltenham.- The fon maton Lawn Mower you sent me is one of the best have ever seen, and does its work admirably. I shall recommend these Machines wherever I can.

13._H ANTS.—From R. H. Cooper, Esq, Stud Farm, Lymington.—The Automaton Lawn Mower has given great satisfaction. It cuts the grass well, works easily, and has never got out of order. _HANTS.—ISLE OF WIGHT. From John Le Mesurin, Esq.. Bimbridge.— = glad to be able to report that your Automaton Mower works most satisfactorily. aie

14.-HERTFORD.—Mr. J. Cooper, Maiden: head Street.—I have great pleasure in saying, what I have seen of your Automaton Lawn Mowers, through my customers, that they really are very bo poe factory. I think I am right in saying I have ‘nar no complaint whatever. This fact will speak for value, &c. Pp

15.—HUNTS.—From A. Sperling, Esq.,J-t 2 Lattenbury Hall, St. ives.—I have ae Ransomes’ small-size Automaton Lawn Mo Tye several years, and I prefer it to other pene go 7 ad its work well and easily, and the wear an slight.

HUNTS-From Mr. Jas. Bartram, Gi dener to J. Rust, Esq., Alconbury we ect I have mueh pleasure in recommending your od aton Lawn Mower, having had one for two "eae which for durability, freeness of cutting aua nience, has given me great satisfaction. Mt

aN, Brow 4, eckson, meant eld Place, Orpington.—' Mower is a first-rate one, and cannot be better. The

Archimedian, just come out, will not go down,

od

“y

°

it leaves the cut grass on the lawn, which has to be ee

Swept off afterwards. ; ; = KENT.—From G. B. Airy, Esa. Astrom omer Royal, Royal Observatory, wich.—The Automaton Lawn Mower furnkas you in 1869, works quite to our entisiarnee. inadrier im experience that the grass ought to be mo’ at care

state than when cut with the scythe; ia inequalities oF

ought to be taken that there be no of ground, and no loose pebbles.

presume, must be necessary in the use of pide Fy the

ci ese cautions, I

mower. With a trifling attention to there se eel m2

implement works extremely well. There breakage of any importance.

~ Reports on the Automaton Lawn Mower, continued.

17._LANCASHIRE.—From Mr. CG. Rylance, Town Green, Aughton, Ormskirk.—The Automaton Lawn Mower came to hand safely, and gives satisfaction. I will take every opportunity of recom- mending your machines, 18._LEICESTERSHIRE.—From E. Fisher, Esq., Market Harboro’.—The Ransomes’ 10-in. Mower works very well indeed. 19.-LINCOLNSHIR#E.—From J. L. Bell, ¥sq., Bourn.—I beg to bear testimony to the general ood qualities, in addition to the material and manu- acture of your Automaton Lawn Mower. Ihaveother machines, but in preference, always use yours, as none approach it for steady, uniform, clean cutting.

20.—MIDDLESEX.—FromJ.J. Arrow, Esq., Dalston.—I have much pleasure in informing you how excessively well your Automaton Lawn Mower works. I have had it constantly in use for the last two summers, and therefore can testify as to its good quali- ties, both as regards its use and durability, and have no hesitation in saying that it surpasses all others I have seen in working and simplicity.

MIDDLESEX.—From C. Ballance, Esq.,

tanley House, Lower Clapton.—I have much pleasure in bearing testimony to the excellence of your Automaton Lawn Mower, T have had it in constant use for two years, and as yet it has needed no repairs, I am just commencing to use it for the third season.

21.-_NORFOLK—From Mr. T. Williams,

Gardener to R. Bagge, Esq., Gaywood Hail, King’s Lynn.—The Automaton Lawn Mower thar we had of you gives me great satisfaction, and I have no hesitation in saying that it is the best machine I have ever used for easiness of draught and uniform surface.

NORFOLK.—From W. M. Hazard, Esq., Harleston.—The 20-in. Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn Mower I purchased of you gives me perfect satisfaction, and I think it is in every respect a first-class machine, very simple and easy to work. 22.-NORTHAMPTONSHIRE.—Rev.A. w. Annand, Roade Vicarage, Northampton.— The Rey. A. W. Annand, has much pleasure in stating that he has one of Messrs. Ransomes’ 14-in. Autom- aton Lawn Mowers in use for the last two years, and that during that time it has never been out of order, but has done its work entirely to his satisfaction.

SUFFOLK.—From J. R. Ansell, Esq., Kirton.—I have great pleasure in informing you that the Automaton Lawn Mower with which you supplied me in 1869 meets with my approval. I have never had any thing done to it, and it is now in first-class order.

SUFFOLK.—R. Porter, Esq., Rushmere, Ipswich.—I have much pleasure in stating that the Automaton Lawn Mower gives great satisfaction, work- ing very efficiently and being easily kept in order.

30.—SURREY.—From J. Powell, Esq., Field House, Lark Hall Rise, Clapham —lam much pleased with the Automaton Lawn Mower you supplied to me in 1869. It does its work very well, and has required no adjusting or sharpening during the whole period. :

SURREY .—From R. C. Bell, Esq., Kew.— My Automaton Lawn Mower has worked very weil, but I find it goes easier without the box, and as the cuttings improve the grass, and have no slovenly appearance, I -have left off using that appendage for some time.

SURREY.—From A. Neame, Esq., Court Lodge, Sutton.—The Automaton Lawn Mower you supplied to me in 1869 is apparently a€ good as when I first had it, after having been constantly used, and has not cost me one shilling to keep in order. I see no prospect of requiring another; should I do so, I should certainly purchase an Automaton.

31.—SUSSEX.—From B. H.Combe,Esq.,J.P., Oaklands, Westfield,near Battle.—I am very much pleased with the Automaton Lawn Mower; it works very well and easily.

32.—W ARWICKSHIRE.—From E. Scriver, Fsq., Wormleighton Hill, tog gong egal

The inch Automaton Lawn Mower I had from you

in 1867 continues to do its work efficiently, and I con-

sider it a most excellent and durable machine.

— SHIRE.—From J. Ferris, Esq., 39 ie Wishtord. near Salisbury.—I consider the Automaton Lawn Mower I purchased last year, a very useful machine, As it cuts the grass level and pipe Hn clean work behind, and by so doing, saves manual labour. Be TSHIRE.— From Mr. Geo. in, Cevdorrieie F. Talbot, Esq., Lacock Abbey.

— using the Automaton Lawn Mower for nearly Pra has given me entire satisfaction; it performs its work quickly and well, and I like the gear much better than chains. I feel much pleasure in recommending it to my friends, which I can do with confidence. wee oe HIRE—From Mr. John Curnick, Pi erin Farm, Bromham, Devizes.— The Automaton Lawn Mower I bought in 1869, gives me t satisfaction; it works easily, does its work well, and has greatly improved my lawn. a ER.—From Messrs. Clunes sR Seon ec have tried one of your Automaton Lawn Mowers, and are pleased to say that it works very satisfactorily. : —YORKSHIRE—From J. Blythe Robin- 8 ree Westwood, Beverley-—I am happy

23.-NORTHUMBERLAND.—From J. Gib- son, Hsq., Roseworth Tower, Gosforth — My gardener has used Ransomes’ Automation Lawn Mower for nearly three years, and it has given entire satisfaction 24.-NOTTINGHAMSHIR®E.—-From Rev. . H. Prance, Sutton Ashfield, Mansfield. —TI am entirely satisfied with the Automaton Lawn Mower you sent me. are Oe SEE. From. —— Brick verthorpe “ -—Mrs. Brickwell has had ae Sinus: R Sale abiimiatoe wn Mowers in use for four years; they have done the work well, without requiring any repairs. OXFORDSHIRE.—From R. Noddings, Esq.. Elm Tree Villa, Cowley, Oxford.—The inc

Aute

Automaton Lawn Mower I bought of you at the 1 La Mower Oxford Show last year is everything that can wish | to bee es Fo on Toor eaelics exceedingly for. My young stable-boy can work it with the greatest ane ; A it very much. It has never given way in

part, does it work just as well as when it was =e Ler it has been constantly used. Some nr) lawn mowers are frequently getting out of order, an are the subject of continual complaint. JERSEY.—From James Levesque, Esq., Pb She 18-inch Automaton Lawn — ou sent here gives the highest satisfaction; and al- thou sh in full work for two seasons, has cost a *sad for Teper and is now as good as when first bought. LAND.—From W. P. Urquhart, Esq., gE Cage aus OP ete iy sr ony, i ys - ia g eed of the e ciency a8 ‘bpd oe of which you suppli js it ia rs laeesiagst toy has never got out of order, and has accomplished the task of keeping a lawn smooth which was not in a very promising condition.

26.-SHROPSHIRE.—From Vice-Admiral F. Vere Cotton, Allport House, Whit- church —I am much pleased with Messrs, Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn Mower, it is doing its work perfectly. 27.-SOMERSETSHIRE —From Mr. Henry arker, Mountlands, Taunton.—The Autom- aton Lawn Mower I bought of you last year works very well, and its construction is good.

28.—-STAFFPORDSHIRE.—From H. M. Mor- an, q., M.D., Lichfield.—After having used e Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn Mower the whole of summer, Tam able to say it does its work efficiently,

and has given me entire satisfaction. : 29.—SUFFPOLK.—From iL. P. Jeffs, Esq., ey bread.—The two Ransomes’ Automaton Lawn owers are the best machines I ever saw. They do their work beautifully, quite beyond my expectations.

RANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD,

ORWELL WORKS, IPSWICH.

ENLARGED DRAWING OF THE FRONT PART OF THE “AUTOMATON” LAWN MOWER.

SS SERS Showing mode of Adjusting the Cutters to the Ledger Blade, and regulating the cutting height from the ground.

B the adjustable arm which carries the revolving knives or-cutters D D.C is the fixed “ ledger” or cutting blade, against the front edge of which the knives D Dact. [E and F are adjusting screws for corre ve | regulating the revolving knives D D to the fixed ledger blade ©. G are wooden rollers which support the front of the

Machine and keep the knives and ledger blade just clear of the ground. These rollers are easily adjusted by screws O, so as to regulate the cutting height from the ground. The revolving knives D D should just press lightly against the fixed ledger blade C, and this degree of nicety can be easily and exactly adjusted by means of the screws E and F. If, for instance, the knives do not quite touch the ledger blade ©, slacken the nut E atrifle, and tighten the screw F. If, on the contrary, the cutters press too hard upon the blade C, then slacken the screw F and tighten up the nut E. A leaf of a plant or shrub, or a slip of writing paper applied between the edges of the revolving knives D D and the edge of the ledger blade ©, will show when they cut properly by producing & clean cut, on the knives being made to revolve, and no more pressure or closeness ought to be given than is sufficient to produce this effect. Care should be taken never to overstrain the set screws, but they should be tight enough to ensure their not becoming loose of themselves. 2 _ When the knives require sharpening, take off the side wheel cover, then screw the small iron handles (sent with the Machine) into the arm of the outside toothed wheel, and turn this wheel rapidly backwards, first takin care that the frame is supported on each side by a brick or block of wood placed below the bearings of the main rollers. This rapid turning of the knives in a contrary direction to that which they revolve when in use, will very soon sharpen both the knives and ledger blade, if at tne same time oil is freely dropped upon them, and also Some fine emery (nearly the finest made) carefully shaken upon the revolving knives. Adjust the knives upon the ledger blade delicately, as the process of grinding goes on. 2 ~— Instructions for using, keeping in order, and adjusting the Automaton Lawn Mower sent with every achine,

NEWLY DESIGNED GARDEN ROLLERS.

———

Ransomes, Sims & HEAD can greatest confidence. They are of workmanship, being designed.

bearing of the Roller is in the

Se, Se Re ae ae > A ee

recommend these Rollers with the |

solid construction, and the best Hd

rather for use than ornament. The el

the ends, so that dirt is practically” excluded. P These Rollers do not leave ribs” in. the grass or gravel, like the double rollers, and are much lower | in price. As the axles do not project beyond the handles, the danger of injuring shrubs and barking trees is avoided.

PRICES.—16 in., 60/- 18in., 70/- 20in, 80)- 22in. 90/- 24 in., 100/- Including free delivery to the principal Railway Stations and Shipping Ports in England.

ee ne A tg

RANSOMES, SIMS & HEAD, ORWELL WORKS, IPSWICH.

centre of the cylinder instead of at ||

SO Ee ee ae ees

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2 » PRIMULA VERTICILLATA VAR. SINENSIS. , - a Native of Abyssinia.

Nat. Ord. PrtwuLacez.—Tribe Primu.ea.

Genus Primua, Linn. ; (Duby in DC. Prodr., vol. viii. p. 34).

Primuta (Sphondylia) verticillata ; stramineo-farinosa, foliis irregulariter sargute serratis, radicalibus rosulatis obovato-spathulatis -lanceolatisve acutis in petiolum late alatum angustatis, floralibus verticillatis sessilibus lanceolatis ovato-lanceolatis obovatisve acuminatis pedicellis longiori- bus, floribus numerosissimis erecto-patentibus, calycis campan ti lobis ovato-lanceolatis integerrimis v, irregulariter serratis, corolle tubo angusto elongato calyce ter longiore, lobis obovatis suborbicularibus oblongisve emarginatis v. erosis.

Primuta verticillata, Forsk. Flor. Algypt.-Arab., p. 42; Vahl. Symb., vol. 1- p- 15,t.5; Dubyin DC. Prodr., vol. viii. p. 835; Jaub. and Spach, Ill. Pl. Orient., vol. v. t. 488; Link. and Otto Abild., t. 51.

Var. sinensis; bracteis inferioribus latioribus 3-neviis, calyce ad medium 5-fido, corolle limbo fere pollicem lato lobis rotundatis emarginatis ; Mast. in Gard. Chron., 1870, p. 597; P. sinensis, Hochst. in Schimp. Pl. Abyss., sect. ii. n. 662; Field and Gard. Sert. Plant., vol. i. t. 48 ; Jaub. and Spach, Ill. Pl. Orient., vol. vy. t. 440; P. Boveana, 4. Reich. Tent. Flor. Abyss., vol. ii. p. 15, non. Desne. ; P. Courti. Hort. Veitch,

P. verticillata was originally discovered in the Arabian province of Yemen, on the margins ‘of rivulets on Kierma, a calcareous mountain in north latitude 14}’—that is, towards the southern extremity of Arabia Felix. In his “Flora gyptiaco-Arabica,” posthumously edited by Niebubr, this mountain is described (p. xc.), as being higher than its neigh- bours, almost destitute of trees, but covered with crops of herbs and cereals, the Ho/eus excepted, which the peasants say is unable to withstand the cold of that elevation. This Primula was subsequently gathered under three forms in various parts of Arabia, and in Abyssinia, amongst which forms no constant differences can be detected. Of these the

JULY Ist, 1873.

true plant of Forskahl has narrow involucral leaves, a calyx divided to below the middle into narrow lanceolate segments, and a corolla not one-third of an inch in diameter, with ovate truncate divisions. The second form is the P. Boveana of Decaisne (P. verticillata, Botanical Magazine, t. 2842), which differs from the type chiefly in the more obovate corolla- lobes, which are quite entire or obscurely crenate, and the irregularly toothed calyx divisions. It varies greatly in the size of the corolla and breadth and form of the involucral leaves, and is found near Muscat in Arabia, on Mount Saint Catherine in the Sinaitic Peninsula, and in the Tigre province _ of Abyssinia. The third is the present plant, which has uni- formly a much broader corolla, with nearly orbicular emargi- nate lobes, and entire or sparingly toothed calyx-lobes. Primula verticillata has been long cultivated in Europe, having been raised from seed brought, I believe, from the Sinaitic Peninsula; but the Abyssinian variety is of recent introduction into England by Messrs. Veitch. "The specimen here figured flowered in the Royal Gardens in March of the present year ; it grows freely on rockwork. _ Duscr. Rootstock as thick as the thumb, and several Inches long. Radical leaves six to twelve inches long, obovate-spathulate, contracted into a more or less long and broad petiole, acute, irregularly acutely toothed, clothed with a lemon-coloured or almost white meal beneath. Scape a span high and upwards, mealy, with two whorls of flowers subtended each by